EENT Flashcards
What are the considerations for soft tissue injuries in facial injuries?
Airway compromise, bleeding control, and impaled objects
These factors are critical for managing facial injuries effectively.
What are the signs of facial fractures?
Ecchymosis, swelling, pain, crepitus, asymmetry, impaired eye movement
Recognizing these signs is essential for diagnosis.
What is the most common facial fracture?
Nasal fractures
They can cause severe epistaxis and should be managed by leaning forward and pinching the soft part of the nose.
What symptoms are associated with mandibular fractures?
Numbness in chin, inability to open mouth
These are common indicators in assault cases.
What are the characteristics of maxillary fractures (Le Fort I-III)?
Massive facial swelling, instability, malocclusion
These fractures can significantly impact facial structure.
What symptoms indicate orbital fractures?
Diplopia, loss of sensation, paralysis of upward gaze
These symptoms require urgent medical attention.
What are the signs of zygomatic fractures?
Flattened cheek, loss of sensation over cheek/nose, upper lip paralysis
These signs help in diagnosing zygomatic injuries.
What should be done with foreign bodies and impaled objects in eye injuries?
Do not remove; stabilize and cover both eyes
This prevents further damage and complications.
What are the consequences of blunt trauma to the eye?
Hyphema, globe rupture, visual disturbances
These injuries can lead to serious vision issues.
What is the immediate treatment for chemical burns to the eyes?
Irrigate immediately; acid or alkali burns require 20+ min of irrigation
Prompt action is crucial to minimize damage.
What are the signs of ocular injury?
Vision loss, double vision, severe pain, foreign body sensation
These symptoms indicate the need for urgent evaluation.
What should be done for eardrum ruptures?
Results in pain, hearing loss, bleeding; caused by blasts, diving injuries, foreign bodies
Awareness of these causes helps in effective management.
What are the types of soft tissue injuries to the ear?
Lacerations, avulsions, contusions; high infection risk
These injuries require careful management to prevent complications.
What should be done with impaled objects in the ear?
Do not remove; stabilize and cover the ear
This is essential to avoid further injury.
What is the protocol for pinna avulsion?
Reimplantation possible within 1 hour; handle by crown only, rinse with saline
Timely action can restore ear function.
What is the primary concern with blunt vs. penetrating oral injuries?
Airway compromise
This is crucial for patient safety.
What should be done with avulsed teeth?
Handle by crown, rinse gently, do not let dry
Proper handling is key to potential reattachment.
What is the management for fractured teeth?
Remove loose fragments to prevent aspiration
This helps avoid further complications.
What should be done for open neck wounds?
Apply occlusive dressing immediately
This minimizes the risk of air embolism.
What are the management steps for neck injuries?
Maintain neutral head position, jaw-thrust for airway, suction as needed
These actions help ensure airway safety.
True or False: High-flow O2 is used if breathing is inadequate in neck injuries.
True
This ensures adequate oxygenation during treatment.
Fill in the blank: In neck injuries, control bleeding with _______ and direct pressure.
occlusive dressing
This is essential to manage hemorrhage effectively.
