EEG ARAS SLEEP

Question 1

EEG waves with higher frequency (12-30 Hz) and lower amplitude seen with open eyes and active thinking:

Answer 1

Beta

Question 2

EEG waves with medium frequency (8-12 Hz) and medium amplitude seen with closed eyes while relaxed:

Answer 2

alpha

Question 3

EEG waves with low frequency (4-8 Hz) and relatively high amplitude seen during drowsiness and meditation:

Answer 3

theta

Question 4

Slow wave sleep EEG waves:

Answer 4

Delta

Question 5

Muscle tone on EMG with regards to waking, non-REM, and REM.

Answer 5

Waking-high tone

non-REM-medium tone

REM- low/no muscle tone

Question 6

ARAS stands for what?

Answer 6

Ascending reticular activating system

Question 7

Role of ARAS?

Answer 7

Promotes Wakefulness

Question 8

What is the ARAS?

Answer 8

diverse group of nuclei in the brainstem, hypothalamus, and basal forebrain. (Monoamines and Ach)

-projects widely to cortex and thalamus

Question 9

Monoaminergic nuclei of the ARAS:

Answer 9

1. Tuberomammillary nucleus (histamine)
2. Substantia Nigra/Ventral tegmental Area (dopamine)
3. Locus cereleus (Norepinephrine)
4. Raphe nuclei (5-HT)

Question 10

NT of tuberomammillary nucleus?

Answer 10

histamine

Question 11

NT of the Substantia nigra/VTA?

Answer 11

dopamine

Question 12

NT of the locus cereleus?

Answer 12

NE

Question 13

NT of the Raphe nuclei?

Answer 13

5-HT

Question 14

Cholinergic nuclei of the ARAS:

Answer 14

Laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (LDT) : Ach

Pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPT) : Ach

Basal forebrain (BF): Ach

Question 15

What is secreted by the lateral hypothalamus to promote wakefulness?

What does is stimulate to do this?

Answer 15

Orexin

Stimulates ARAS!!!

-loss of these neurons = narcolepsy

Orexin antagonists as sleep aids

**also promotes eating