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CNS Drugs > EEA - Glutamate > Flashcards

EEA - Glutamate Flashcards

1
Q

What do we need to synthesise glutamate?

A

Glucose or glutamine

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2
Q

Where is glutamate stored?

A

vesicles

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3
Q

Examples of excitatory amino acid receptors

A

NMDA; AMPA; Kainate (inotropic); Metabotropic GPCRs

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4
Q

Ketamine mechanism of action

A

antagonist on glutamate receptors; anaesthetic

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5
Q

What is GABA?

A

The main inhibitory amino acid in the brain; causes CNS depression

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6
Q

What is GABA synthesised from?

A

Glutamate

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7
Q

What are the 2 GABA receptors?

A

GABAa; GABAb

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8
Q

What does activation of the GABAb receptor do?

A

inhibits cAMP production; inhibits Ca+ channel opening; increases K+ conductance

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9
Q

What agonists of GABAb receptor treat?

A

Spasticity

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10
Q

What type of receptor is GABAb

A

GPCR

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11
Q

What type of receptor is GABAa

A

chloride ion channel receptor

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12
Q

What does activation of GABAa receptor lead to?

A

Reducing membrane excitability

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13
Q

What is the difference between NMDA and GABAa receptors?

A

NMDA receptors allow positive ions to flow into the cell whereas GABAa receptors allow negative ions in

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14
Q

What is the main thing that excitatory amino acids and their receptors do?

A

They stimulate the generation of nerve impulses

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15
Q

What happens when excitatory amino acid receptors are overactivated?

A

calcium influx can cause seizures and cell death

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16
Q

What happens when inhibitory amino acid receptors are activated?

A

They suppress generation of nerve impulses

17
Q

What can happen if inhibitory amino acid receptors are overactivated?

A

CNS depression

18
Q

What receptors does NS affect in the CNS?

A

Alpha1 and 2; Beta1 and 2

19
Q

What happens when NA activates receptors in the CNS?

A

Behavioural arousal; Mood regulation; Blood pressure regulation

20
Q

How many receptors for dopamine are there?

A

5; D1-3 most abundant in CNS

21
Q

Activation od dopamine receptors in CNS cause

A

Behavioural effects; nausea and vomiting; neuroendocrine function

22
Q

How many main types of 5-HT receptors?

A

7

23
Q

What is activation of 5-HT receptors associated with?

A

Perception; Sleep, wakefulness, and mood; sleeping behaviour; Sensory neurotransmission

24
Q

What does CNS ACh mainly elicit its effects on?

A

Muscarinic and nicotinic receptors

25
Q

M1, M3 and M5 excitation

A

Blocks K+ channels

26
Q

M2 and M4 activation

A

inhibit K+ and Ca2+ channels

27
Q

nAchRs activation

A

release other neurotransmitters

28
Q

Activation of CNS Ach receptors is associated with

A

Memory; Behavioural effects

CNS Drugs (5 decks)

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