Anxiolytics and Sedatives

Question 1

What do Anxiolytics do?

Answer 1

Calm and/or sedate

Question 2

What are hypnotics?

Answer 2

Anxiolytics that promote sleep

Question 3

What are anxiolytics used for?

Answer 3

anxiety and sleep disorders

Question 4

What are the classifications of anxiety? (4)

Answer 4

Generalised; panic disorder; phobias; post traumatic stress disorder

Question 5

Where do barbituates bind?

Answer 5

GABAa receptor

Question 6

What is meant by low therapeutic index?

Answer 6

The amount of the drug needed to cuase an effect is very close to the amount o f the drug that would be toxic

Question 7

Where are barbituates used?

Answer 7

Anaestheisia and treatment of epilepsy

Question 8

Drug example of a benzodiazapine

Answer 8

Diazepam

Question 9

Where do benzodiazapines bind in the CNS?

Answer 9

GABA receptors

Question 10

What effect does binding of benzodiazapines have on the receptor?

Answer 10

holds ion channel open; makes cell more negative

Question 11

What are benzodiazapines used for?

Answer 11

Reducing anxiety and depression; sedation; inducing sleep; reduce muscle tone and coordination; anticonvulsant

Question 12

What is a benzodiazapine antagonist?

Answer 12

Flumazenil

Question 13

Side effects of benzodiazapines

Answer 13

drowsiness; confusion; amnesia; impaired coordination

Question 14

What are 2 limitations to long term use of BZ

Answer 14

Tolerance; Dependence

Question 15

What is diazepam (Valium) used for?

Answer 15

premed for minor surgery

Question 16

What is Clonazepam used for?

Answer 16

potent muscle relaxant for epilepsy

Question 17

What is flunitrazepam used for?

Answer 17

potent deep sleep; date-rape drug

Question 18

What does buspirone act on CNS?

Answer 18

partial agonist at the dopamine and 5-HT receptors

Question 19

What effect does buspirone have?

Answer 19

little sedation, just anxiolytic

Question 20

Antihistamine effect in CNS

Answer 20

sedation

Question 21

Common antihistamine for sedation

Answer 21

phenergan

Question 22

Why do anti-allergy antihistamines like telfast have no sedative/hypnotic effects?

Answer 22

they cannot cross the BBB