Edward Jenner

Question 1

Who was Edward Jenner?

Answer 1

a local surgeon who was inoculated as a child and still bore the scars.

Question 2

What did Edward Jenner notice?

Answer 2

milkmaids who got cowpox never suffered from smallpox

Question 3

Edward Jenner’s experiment

Answer 3

• on James Phipps
• took cowpox puss from blisters and applied it to an incision in his arm
• he became mildly ill with cowpox then recovered
• then gave him smallpox puss and made full recovery from smallpox

Question 4

Negative reactions to Edward Jenner’s vaccine

Answer 4

• the Royal Society refused to publish his work not believing in a country doctor
• some people thought it was dangerous
• anti-vaxxers said they would not use God’s lowlier animals
• people thought smallpox was God’s punishment
• it was expensive

Question 5

When did Edward Jenner test his theory?

Answer 5

in 1796

Question 6

Why was vaccination accepted?

Answer 6

• Jenner proved the effectiveness of vaccination through scientific experiment
• vaccination was less dangerous than inoculation
• members of the royal family were vaccinated which changed opinions

Question 7

When did Edward Jenner publish his findings?

Answer 7

1798 - An Inquiry into the causes and effects of the Varioae Vaccinae

Question 8

When did the government back Jenner?

Answer 8

1802 - £10,000 given to Jenner

1807 - a further £20,000 when the Royal College of Physicians confirmed how effective it was

Question 9

Government laws on vaccination

Answer 9

1840 - vaccination made free to all infants (due to 1837-40 epidemic)
1853 - vaccination became compulsory but not strictly enforced
1871 - parents not vaccinating children were fined