Educational Philosophies

Question 1

Teacher-Centered Philosophies

Answer 1

Essentialism, Positivism, Behaviorism

Question 2

Student-Centered Philosophies

Answer 2

Progressivism, Humanism, Constructivism

Question 3

Essentialism

Answer 3

Students should learn the facts about the social and physical world. Respect for others and authority, loyalty, hard work, and becoming a model citizen.

Question 4

Positivism

Answer 4

Utilizes scientific evidence. Reality is explained by laws of matter and motion.

Question 5

Behaviorism

Answer 5

B. F. Skinner. Students influenced by controlling stimuli, environment highly organized, based on behavior all objectives, reward system used. Knowledge is observable.

Question 6

Progressivism

Answer 6

All learning is active, intellectual, social, and emotional. Curriculum should begin with interests and experiences. Emphasis on thinking and problem-solving, self-respect and respect for others, classroom community, cooperation and collaboration, discussion and dialogue.

Question 7

Humanism

Answer 7

Education should enhance innate goodness, develop free, self-actualizing person, and start with the individual.

Question 8

Constructivism

Answer 8

Hands on activity, critical thinking, variety of learning activities. Knowledge is gained from experience and active learning.