Education - Ethnicity Flashcards
What is material deprivation?
Lack of physical necessities needed for success in education, such as income, housing, nutrition, and access to resources like books and the internet.
Material deprivation is often linked to poverty and disproportionately affects minority ethnic groups.
According to Flaherty (2004), how much more likely are Pakistani and Bangladeshi pupils to be in the poorest 1/5 of the population compared to white pupils?
3 times more likely.
This statistic highlights the economic challenges faced by these groups.
What percentage of minority ethnic pupils live in overcrowded homes compared to white pupils?
15% of minority ethnic pupils compared to 2% of white pupils.
This indicates significant differences in living conditions affecting educational achievement.
What did the Swann Report (1985) find regarding social class differences and achievement gaps?
Social class differences accounted for a high proportion of achievement gaps.
This report underscores the importance of socioeconomic factors in educational outcomes.
What is cultural deprivation?
The idea that some ethnic minority groups lack the appropriate norms, values, attitudes, and skills to succeed in education.
This concept is often debated in the context of educational achievement.
What barrier did Bowker (1968) identify for black pupils?
Lack of standard English created barriers.
However, the Swann Report (1985) found this issue affected only a few by age 16.
What family structure issue did Murray (1984) associate with the African-Caribbean community?
Lone-parent households leading to a lack of role models.
This perspective suggests that family dynamics may impact educational success.
What supportive cultural factor did Driver and Ballard (1981) find in Asian families?
Asian families often have a stronger ‘pro-school’ ethos.
This cultural support may contribute to higher educational achievement.
What did Keddie (1971) argue regarding cultural deprivation?
Rejected the idea, stating that minority ethnic pupils are culturally different, not deprived.
This challenges the notion of cultural inferiority in educational contexts.
What does structural racism refer to?
Discrimination outside of schools that influences educational performance through reduced job prospects, housing inequality, and discrimination.
This can lead to social exclusion for ethnic minorities.
What did Mason (1995) say about discrimination in Britain?
Discrimination is a continuing and persistent feature of the experience of Britain’s citizens of minority ethnic origin.
This emphasizes ongoing systemic issues faced by these communities.
What did Noon (1993) demonstrate through his study of CVs?
Identical CVs sent under different names showed that the white applicant received more replies.
This study illustrates racial bias in hiring practices.
What does labelling theory suggest about teachers?
Teachers attach labels to pupils based on stereotypical assumptions about their ethnicity.
This can significantly impact student achievement and self-perception.
What did Gillborn and Youdell (2000) find regarding teacher discipline?
Teachers were quicker to discipline black pupils, perceiving their behavior as threatening.
This highlights potential biases in teacher responses to student behavior.
What did Wright (1992) find about Asian primary school pupils?
They were often excluded from class discussions due to teachers’ ethnocentric views.
This exclusion can limit participation and achievement.
What are anti-school subcultures?
Subcultures that arise in response to negative teacher labelling, encouraging rejection of school values.
These can adversely affect educational outcomes.
What did Sewell (1997) identify about ‘rebels’ in school?
A minority of students who rejected school rules and norms.
This behavior can lead to conflicts with educational expectations.
What is institutional racism?
Discrimination built into the structures of schools and wider society.
This can create barriers to success for minority ethnic students.
What did Gillborn (2008) say about marketisation in schools?
It gives schools more scope to select pupils, potentially leading to covert racism.
This suggests that school policies can reinforce existing inequalities.
What did Tikly et al. (2006) find about black pupils in exams?
They were more likely to be entered into lower-tier exams due to teacher expectations.
This can limit their academic opportunities.
What did the study by Strand (2007) reveal about white working-class boys?
They underachieved more than ethnic minorities from the same class background.
This points to the complexities of educational disadvantage.
What did Crozier (2004) find about Pakistani and Bangladeshi parents?
They felt marginalised from school processes.
This marginalisation can affect parental involvement in education.
What aspiration level did Burgess & Wilson (2008) find among ethnic minority parents?
Higher aspirations for their children compared to other groups.
This indicates a strong value placed on education within these communities.
What did Bhatti (1999) find regarding Asian parents and education?
Asian parents valued education highly but lacked understanding of school systems.
This gap can affect their children’s educational engagement.
