Education - Education Policy Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

When was compulsory education introduced & what ages did it affect?

A

1880 -> ages 5-13

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When was the tripartite system introduced & by which government?

A

1944 -> conservative government

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which 3 schools were introduced by the tripartite system?

A

Grammar, secondary modern & secondary technical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What were the objectives of the tripartite system?

A

Built on meritocracy & wanted to increase equality of opportunity through the 11+ exams

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What were some limitations of the tripartite system?

A

Class inequalities -> grammar schools were taken up by middle classes & the secondary moderns were mostly taken up by lower classes
Deterministic -> IQ test determined people’s future at very young age so there was no room for growth later in life
Labelling -> some secondary moderns had low standards & labelled 80% of their students as failures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When was the comprehensive system introduced & by which government?

A

1965 - labour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are comprehensive schools?

A

Schools that do not select pupils based on academic ability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What were the objectives of comprehensive schools?

A

To increase equality of opportunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What were some limitations of the comprehensive system?

A

Little parental choice -> every school essentially the same
Banding & streaming across social classes (working class in lower bands vs middle class in higher bands)
Poor standards in some schools

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When was the Education Reform Act introduced & by which government?

A

1988 -> the new right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Who was the prime minister during the ERA?

A

Margaret Thatcher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What did the ERA introduce?

A

League tables
Formula funding
The national curriculum
OFSTED

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What were the objectives of the ERA?

A

To encourage marketisation & privatisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a strength of the ERA?

A

Competition did increase standards -> results gradually improved through the 1990s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What were some limitations of the ERA?

A

League tables encouraged ‘teaching to test’
Selection by mortgage -> house prices increased in catchment areas of the best schools which forces out the poorer parents
Cream skimming -> the best schools took the best students who were predominantly middle class

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What did the new labour government of 1997 introduced?

A

EMA
Free school meals
Sure start
Increased funding for education
Tuition fees -> uni

17
Q

Who was the prime minister in 1997?

A

Tony Blair

18
Q

What is EMA & what was the objective?

A

Education Maintenance Allowance -> paid to students aged 16-19 from lower income families if they attended all their lessons & achieved all their targets to help them with the hidden costs of education

19
Q

What are some strengths of the 1997 new labour policies?

A

Early academies increased standards in poorer areas
Better at improving equality of opportunity than the new right

20
Q

What were the negatives of the 1997 new labour policies?

A

Costly
Parents liked sure start but it didn’t improve education (improved health)
Tuition fees for higher education put working class pupils off going to uni

21
Q

What changes did the coalition government bring in?

A

Academisation
Free schools
Pupil premium

22
Q

When was the coalition government policies introduced?

A

2010

23
Q

Which prime minister introduced the coalition policies?

A

David Cameron

24
Q

What were the coalition government made up of?

A

Conservatives & Lib Dems

25
Q

What were some strengths of the coalition government?

A

Standards continued to improve

26
Q

What are some limitations of the coalition government’s policies?

A

Academisation & free schools are both ideology -> there’s no evidence they improve standards more than LEA schools
Free schools advantaged the middle class
Pupil premium -> too early to say