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Professional Studies > EDITING Part B > Flashcards

EDITING Part B Flashcards

1
Q

Advantages of a competitive single stage tender

A

Competitive
Transparent
Fair
Lump sum

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2
Q

Disadvantages of a competitive single stage tender

A
  • Slow, linear process
  • Uncertainty of outcome for contractor
  • Time consuming and expensive tender preparation
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3
Q

Advantages of a multi stage tender

A
  • The Contractor can join the design team earlier so expertise is available during design
  • Faster
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4
Q

Disadvantages of a multi stage tender

A
  • Increased risk for client as final cost is unknown when works have begun
  • Can reduce design possibilities
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5
Q

Describe a single stage tender

A
  • Prices are sought from several contractors at the same time
  • Identical information is supplied to all tenderers
  • A lump sum price is provided for contract works
  • Variations can be used to change the fixed price throughout construction
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6
Q

Describe a multi stage tender

A

Work is split into packages and tendered separately to enable work to start on site prior to finishing or finalising the design

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7
Q

NZIA SCC 2018
B2 Extensions of time to the contract
How do extensions of time to the contract arise, how are they administered and what effect do they have on the contract?

A

Enter answer

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8
Q

NZIA SCC 2018
B3 Liquidated Damages

What are liquidated damages, how are they valued and applied, and what impact do they have on the project?

A

Enter Answer

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9
Q

NZIA SCC 2018
Bonds

What type of bonds are there? What is their purpose and duration? How and why are they used?

A
  • Contractor’s performance bond
  • Contractor’s bond in lieu of retentions
  • Principal’s bond
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10
Q

NZIA SCC 2018

Defects liability period

What is the purpose of the DLP?

A

The Defects Liability Period is a period during which the Contractor must correct defective work and materials. The default period is 3 months.

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11
Q

NZIA SCC 2018

Defects liability period

Where does the DLP sit within the contract programme?

A

After practical completion, before the final account

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12
Q

NZIA SCC 2018

Defects liability period

What happens immediately before, during and after the DLP?

A

Before
Practical Completion

During
Defects identified and made good

After

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13
Q

NZIA SCC 2018

Describe how building costs are estimated, who estimates them and at what stage are they estimated?

A

Answer

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14
Q

List the stages of a project in order

A 
Pre-Design
• Concept & Preliminary Design
• Developed Design
• Detailed Design
• Procurement
• Site Set-up
• Contract Administration
• Project Observation
• Practical Completion
• Defects Liability period
• Final Account
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15
Q

What is procurement?

A

The way in which a contractor is obtained to construct the project

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16
Q

Why does the procurement process matter?

A
  • It impacts which contract is the most suitable.
  • It impacts the type, extent, and timing of documentation
  • It impacts the fee charged by the architect
17
Q

Describe a Negotiation contractor selection method

A

• One or possibly 2 Contractors price the job in an open manner with discussions between the parties.
• This can allow for alternative design and construction
approaches to be considered which may save time and/or cost
• Used where Contractors with specialist skills are required

18
Q

Describe a P&G (Preliminaries & General) and Margins contractor selection method

A

• Fast track method where full documentation not available at the start but sufficient information is required to understand the scope of project
• Allows Contractor to join the design team near the start
and still be chosen in a competitive manner

(This is from lecture but needs clarification)
• P&G = Preliminaries and General or General– Contractor’s costs to run the job.
Site establishment costs.
• Margins = profit Vary in value– 10%? Boom times = 17% in remote areas
• Auckland commercial 8-10% some 12.5%

19
Q

What is tendering?

A

• a competitive process for choosing a Contractor
within a fair environment
• establishes a Lump Sum price for carrying out the
contract works
• Usually price-based choice – the lowest, but can be
based on other defined attributes
• Can be used with a number of different contract
types, e.g.NZIA SCC 2018 or NZS 3910:2013

20
Q

How are tenders selected?

A
  • Public (or open) tendering
  • Pre-qualification
  • Selected or approved contractors
  • By invitation (select list), selective tendering
  • Direct negotiation (single source)
21
Q

What is “public (or open)” tendering?

A

The project is publicly advertised - Open to all

  • Can get tenderers who are not suitable
  • Used where accountability is required
  • Public sector projects
  • Simple or Low risk projects
22
Q

What is “pre-qualification” tendering?

A

• Pre-qualification initial stage, via public advertisement
for expressions of interest
• Obtain performance and financial viability of firms to
reduce the list of potential tenderers
• A selected number of pre-qualified contractors are then
invited to tender in a second stage competition
• Complex, high risk or high-cost projects

23
Q

What is “selected or approved contractors” tendering?

A
  • A register or panel of approved contractors is established for particular types of work
  • E.g. KāingaOra (Housing New Zealand)
  • Tenderers are invited from the pool on a rotational basis or several chosen each time
  • Repetitive works
  • Ongoing roll-out programmes
  • Same client and project types
24
Q

What is “selective tendering (by invitation)”?

A

• Contractors invited to tender based on recognised
capabilities to suit the project requirements
• Client agrees and confirms tender list
• Short list may result from pre-qualification process
• Only contractors whom you would want to carry out
the project should be on a tender list
• Specialist projects
• Private sector clients

25
Q

What is “direct negotiation (single source)” tendering?

A

Direct negotiation with a known contractor
• Highly specialised projects, where single source has skill / capability to complete the works
• Sometimes second or sub-stage of work where there are economies because contractor already set-up on site,
knows the project

26
Q

NZIA SCC 2018

Warranties

A

Answer

27
Q

NZIA SCC 2018

Insurances
What types are there?

A
  • Insurance of the Contract Works (by the contractor and the principal)
  • Principal arranged insurance
  • Contractor’s public liability insurance
  • Contractor’s motor vehicle liability insurance
  • Contractor’s construction machinery insurance
  • Contractor’s professional indemnity (design) insurance
28
Q

How does practical completion occur?

A

The Contractor must notify the Architect at least 10 Working Days before the date that the Contractor considers that the Contractor will achieve Practical Completion* of the Contract Works. The notice must detail any work the Contractor and the Architect have agreed to defer and the period of deferral.

The architect must decide whether the Contract Works or the relevant Separate Selection of them have achieved Practical Completion. Producer statements may be provided before the Architect issues the certificate of Practical Completion.

Practical Completion occurs when everything has been done except minor omissions/defects and work that is agreed to be deferred. Information and warranties have been supplied.

Professional Studies (5 decks)

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