ECR Back pain

Question 1

What part of spine is concave curve?

Answer 1

cervical and lumbar spine

Question 2

what part of spine is convex curve?

Answer 2

thoracic and sacrococcygeal spine

Question 3

What does tenderness as you palpate teh spinous process suggest?

Answer 3

fracture os dislocation if preceded by trauma, underlying infection, or arthritis

Question 4

Which vertebrae would be tender in arthritis?

Answer 4

C5 and C6 feacet joints

Question 5

What does Step-offs indicate?

Answer 5

Sondylolisthesis or forward slippage of one vertebra, which amy compress the spinal cord.

Question 6

What is vertebral tenderness suspcicous for?

Answer 6

fracture or infection

Question 7

What doees tenderness over teh sacroiliac joing suggst?

Answer 7

sacroiliitis

Question 8

Ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 8

may produce scroiliac tenderness

Ankylosing spondylitis is a long-term disease that involves inflammation of the joints between the spinal bones, and the joints between the spine and pelvis.

These joints become swollen and inflamed. Over time, the affected spinal bones join together.

Question 9

What is presentation of scoliosis?

Answer 9

lateral and rotatory curvature of the spine to bring teh head back to midline

Scoliosis often becomes evident during adolescence, before symptoms appear

Question 10

What does undequal shoulder heigth suggest?

Answer 10

scoliosis
Sprengel’s deformity fo the scapulat (From attachement of extra bone or band between scapula and C7)

winging of the scapula from loss of innervation of serratus anterior m. by long thoracic nerve

contralateral wekaness of trapezius

Question 11

What does unequal heights of the iliac crests or PELVIC TILT

Answer 11

suggests unequal lengths of the legs and disappear when a block is placed under the short leg and food

Scoliosis and hip abduction or adduction may also cause a pelvic tilt

Listing of the trunk to one side is seen with a herniated lumbarr disk

Question 12

“Listing” of the trunk to one side

Answer 12

seen witha herniated lumbar disc

Question 13

Birthmarks, port-wine stains, hariry patches, lipomas

Answer 13

often overlie bondy defects such as SPINA BIFIDA

Question 14

Cafe aua lait spots (discolored patches ffo skin) , skin tags, and fibrous tumours in

Answer 14

NEUROFIBROMATOSIS`

Question 15

Pain or percussion may arise from….

Answer 15

osteoporosis, infection, or malignancy

Question 16

What roots do the sciatic nerve arise from

Answer 16

L4, L5, S1, S2, S3 (L4-S3

Nerve lies midway between greater trochanter and ishial tuberosity )

Question 17

When do spasms occur

Answer 17

in degenerative and inflammatory processes of muscles, prolonged contraction from abnromal posture, or anxiety

Question 18

What does scieatic nerve tenderness suggest?

Answer 18

herniated disc or mass lesion impinging on the contributing nerve roots

Question 19

What specific discs, when herniated, may produce tenderness of the spinous processes, intervertebral joints, paracertebral muscles, sacrosciatic notch, and the sciatic nerve?

Answer 19

L5-S1, L4-L5

Question 20

What is Torticollis?

Answer 20

muscle spasm that may cause limiations in range of motion

Question 21

What is the most mobile protion of the spine?

Answer 21

teh neck

it supprots 10-15 poinds

Question 22

How do you measure FLEXION of the spine?

Answer 22

mark the spine at the lumbosacral junction, then 10 cm aboce and 5 cm below this point

a 4cm increase between teh two upper marks

distance bewteen teh lower two marks should be unchanged

Question 23

Cuase of Sciatica (Radiuclar Low Back Pain)

Answer 23

usualy from herniated intervertebral disc with compression or tractino of ner roots

Involves L5-S1 roots in 95% disc hernation

Question 24

Physical Signs of Sciatica

Answer 24

disc herniation most likely if calf asting, weak ankel dorsiflexion, absent ankle jerk , positive straight leg raise

Question 25

What is lumbar spinal Stenosis

Answer 25

Pseudclaudication pain in the back or legs with walking that IMPROVES WITH REST, lumbar flexion (which decomrpresses spinal ord) or both

Pain vague but bilateral with parasthesis in one or both legs

Question 26

Causes of lumbar spinal stenosis

Answer 26

Arises from hypertorphic degeneative disease of one or more vertebral, facets, and thickening of ligamentaum flavum

anrrowign of spinal canal centrally or in lateral recesses
More common after age 60

Question 27

Physical signs of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis

Answer 27

Lumbar may be flexed forward, with lower extemity weakness and hypoflexia

Straight leg test usually negative

Question 28

Patterns of Mechanical Neck Pain

Answer 28

Aching pain in the cervical paraspinal msucles and ligaments with associated muscle spasm; stiffness and tightness in upper back and shoulder, lasitng up to 6 weeks;
no radiation, paresthesisas or weakness
Headache may be present

Question 29

Possible causes of mechanical neck pain

Answer 29

possible sustained muscle contraction

Ass with poor posture, stress, poor sleep, poor head position during activties such as computer use, watching tv, driving