Ecosystems diversity Flashcards
Biological community where organisms interact with its immediate environment
Ecosystem
Synonym of Ecosystem
Nature
All the living organisms, such as plants, animals, bacteria, fungi
Biotic Components
Physical features like soil type, water conditions, topography, temperature, rainfall
Abiotic components
Interactions of biotic and abiotic can flourish only if there is ___ and ____ inside the ecosystem
stability, balance
Often easier to catalog due to the availability of tools and instruments (e.g.rain gauge, thermometers, soil chemistry measuring kits, etc.)
Abiotic components
Often more complex, and require careful observations of individual organism, populations, communities of species, their interactions
Biotic components
Ecosystem is an ___ concept
abstract
There are no ____ among ecosystems
discrete boundaries
There is no _____ of how many ecosystems are there in the biosphere
basis of counting
2 Schools of Ecology
- Individualistic
2. Holistic
Transition area between two biological communities
Ecotone
Meaning of ecotones based on etymology
a place where ecologies are in tension
Greek word for tension
tonos
Ecotones define the ____ between ecosystem
boundary
In individualistic school of ecology, ____ individuals spread
most fitted
Communities appear to be divided by a narrow transition area only when the environmental gradient is ___
abrupt
Organisms tend to cram in a very narrow gradient making them appear as if they are _____ (population living in the same place)
sympatric
A statistical technique in individualistic school of ecology in which data from a large number of sites or populations are represented as points in a two- or three-dimensional coordinate frame
Ordination
Process of identifying and describing discrete vegetation units (entities) in holistic school of ecology
Entitation
In ordination, observations from field samples precede ______ for that particular area
classification of vegetation
Entitation precedes _____
field sampling
Approach that works inductively
Individualistic approach
Approach that work deductively
Holistic approach
Ecosystem diversity is an expression of the interrelationships between ____ and their ____, fundamental to which is the continual transfer of energy and chemicals between the ____ and ____ component parts
Organisms, environment, organic, inorganic
Variety of ecosystems or habitats in a region
Ecosystem or ecological diversity
Large collection of flora and fauna occupying a major habitat
Biomes
7 Natural Terrestrial Ecosystems in the World
- TRF in humid tropics
- Semi-arid
- Grasslands
- Tundra
- Savannah
- TDF in humid tropics
- Temperate Coniferous Forest
5 Philippine Biomes and Formation
- Mixed Dipterocarp forests
- Mangrove forests
- Deciduous Molave forest
- Semi-evergreeen dipterocarp forest
- Beach forest
2 ways of defining ecosystems diversity
- Number of different species assemblages
2. Number of habitats
Ecosystem diversity is referenced to _____ from landscape up to region
spatial scales
Two units of nature
- Functional
2. Compositional