Ecosystems and Material Cycles T9 Flashcards
What is an individual in an ecosystem?
A single organism
What is a population in an ecosystem?
All the organisms of one species in a habitat
What is a community in a n ecosystem?
All the organisms of different species living in a habitat
What is an ecosystem?
A community of organisms along with all the non-living conditions
What is mutualism?
Mutualism is a relationship between two organisms, from which both organisms benefit
What is a parasite?
Parasites live very closely with a host species. The parasite take what it needs and the host doesn’t benefit
The 4 main abiotic factors?
Temperature, amount of water, light intensity and levels of pollutant
2 main biotic factors?
Competition and predation
What is a quadrat?
A square frame enclosing a known area
How does energy get lost in a food chain?
Energy is used by each organism to stay alive?
Why are there never more than 5 trophic levels in a food chain?
Because so much energy is lost at each trophic level that there is not enough to support any higher levels
What is a pyramid of biomass?
A pyramid of biomass shows how much the creatures at each level of the food chain would weigh if you pit them toegther
How do you work out efficency?
Efficiency = energy transferred to next level / energy available at previous level x 100
What is biodiversity?
Biodiversity is the variety of living organisms in an ecosystem.
What is eutrophication?
An excess of nutrients in water
What happens when an non-indigenous species is put into an area?
The non-indigenous species is introduced, it competes with the indigenous species for resources like food and shelter. Sometimes they are better at doing this so the indigenous species will have their numbers decrease until they are extinct
What is reforestation?
Reforestation is when land where a forest previously stood is replanted to form a new forest
What are conservation methods we use today?
Protecting a species natural habitat.
Protecting species in safe areas outside of their natural habitat
The use of seed banks to store and distribute the seeds of rare and endangered plants
