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Biology 3 > Ecosystems > Flashcards

Ecosystems Flashcards

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1
Q

Define habitat

A

The place where organisms live

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2
Q

Define population

A

All the organisms of 1 species in a habitat

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3
Q

Define community

A

Populations of all species in a habitat

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4
Q

Define ecosystem

A

A community plus the abiotic factors factors in the area

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5
Q

Define abiotic factors

A

The non living components of an ecosystem

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6
Q

Define biotic factors

A

The moving components of an ecosystem

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7
Q

Define niche

A

The role of a species in an ecosystem

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8
Q

Define adaption

A

A feature on a species that increase chance of survival and resproductive success

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9
Q

Give an example of a biotic niche

A

What an organism eats And what organisms eats them

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10
Q

Give an example of a abiotic niche

A

The oxygen the organisms breathes in and the CO2 it breathes out

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11
Q

How many species occupy a niche

A

Only 1

It’s unique to a species

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12
Q

What happens if 2 species try to occupy the same niche

A

They will compete with each other

One species will be more successful than the other

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13
Q

Name 3 types of adaptions

A

Anatomical
Physiological
Behavioural

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14
Q

How are otters adapted to abiotic factors

A

Webbed feet
Walk on land and swim
Increasing chance of survival by hunting on land and sea

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15
Q

How are seals adapted for biotic factors

A

Blubber
Keep warm in cold seas
Increasing chance of survival by being able to live in a place with lots of food and low competition

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16
Q

How are hedgehogs adapted to abiotic factors

A

Hibernation

Lower rate of metabolism to conserve energy increasing chance of survival

17
Q

How do otters adaort to biotic factors

A

Use rocks to open shellfish

Increase chance of survival by gaining access to another food source

18
Q

How do male frogs adapt to biotic factors

A

Mating calls

More easily attract a mate

19
Q

How do bacteria adapt to biotic factors

A

Produce antibiotics
Killing other species of bacteria in the same area
Reducing competition
Increasing chance of survival

20
Q

Define population size

A

Total number of 1 species in a habitat

21
Q

What is the carrying capacity

A

The maximum stable population that an ecosystem can support

22
Q

Give example of abiotic factors

A

Light
Water availability
Temp

23
Q

Why does optimum temp for an organism increase growth and reproduction

A

Ideal temp for metabolic reactions
Don’t use up as much energy maintaining internal body temp
More energy used for growth and successful reproduction

24
Q

What is interspecific competition

A

Competition between different species for the same resources eg. Food

25
Q

What is the impact on both species involved in interspecific competition

A

Less resources available to both species.
Eg.
Less food means then will have less energy for growth and reproduction
So the population size will decrease

26
Q

What happens if 1 species is better adapted to the surroundings in interspecific competition

A

The other species will be outcompeted

Population will decrease

27
Q

What is intraspecific competition

A

Organisms of the same species compete for the same resources

28
Q

What does a large resource supply mean for a species population

A

Population will increase

29
Q

What happens when the population becomes too big for the amount of food available

A

Food becomes limiting
Isn’t enough for all orgs
Pop decreases

(At carrying capacity)

30
Q

What is predation

A

Where the predator kills and eats the prey

31
Q

What is the relationship between predator and prey

A

Interlinked

As the population of one changes so does the other

32
Q

Explain the inter linked relationship between predator and prey

A

Prey population increase
More food for predators
Pred pop increases

More prey eaten
Prey pop decreases
Less food for prey

Pred pop decreases

33
Q

What other factor affects predator prey relationships

A

The amount of food available for the prey

Biology 3 (10 decks)

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