Classification

Question 1

What is phylogeny

Answer 1

The study of evolutionary history between groups of organisms

Question 2

What does phylogeny tell us

Answer 2

How closely related organisms are

Question 3

What is taxonomy

Answer 3

The Classification of organisms

Question 4

What is each group of classification called

Answer 4

Taxons

Question 5

What are the 3 groups of domain

Answer 5

Eukarya
Bacteria
Archaea

Question 6

What is the order of t’axons

Answer 6

Domain 
Kingdom 
Phylum 
Class
Order 
Family
Genus 
Species

Question 7

How closely related are organisms in the lower t’axons

Answer 7

More closely related

Question 8

Define species

Answer 8

Group of similar organisms able to reproduce fertile offspring

Question 9

What is nomenclature

Answer 9

The naming system of species

Question 10

What is the binomial system

Answer 10

All organismss are given one internationally accepted name made of 2 parts

Question 11

Why is the binomial system good

Answer 11

Stops confusion in different languages

Question 12

Why is courtship behaviour carried out

Answer 12

To attract a mate of the right species

Question 13

How is courtship behaviours specific

Answer 13

Species specific

Only members of the same species will respond

Question 14

Why are courtship behaviours species specific

Answer 14

Only members of the same species will respond
Stops interbreeding
Making reproduction more successful

Question 15

Why can courtship behaviours be used to classify organisms

Answer 15

They are species specific

Question 16

What Is the courtship behaviour of fire flies

Answer 16

Pulses of light

The pattern is specific to each species

Question 17

What is the courtship behaviour of crickets

Answer 17

Sound

Question 18

What is the courtship behaviour of male peacocks

Answer 18

Show colourful tails

Question 19

What is the courtship behaviour of male butterflies

Answer 19

Chemicals

Question 20

Explain genome sequencing

Answer 20

Entire base sequences of dna can be determined
The entire base sequence is compared to other organisms
Closely related organisms will have a high % similarity of dna base order

Question 21

Explain amino acid sequencing

Answer 21

Amino acids are coded for from order of dna bases

Closely related organisms = high % of similar amino acid sequences

Question 22

Exaplin how immunological could parisons are used in classification

Answer 22

Similar protein will bind to the same antibodies

Eg. Human antibodies will bind to a monkeys proteins because they are similar

Question 23

How is genetic diversity measured

Answer 23

1. Comparing base sequences of the same gene ina different organism in a population allow scientists to find out how many alleles are in a population because different alleles have slightly different base sequences
2. Comparing mRNA base sequences that produce different amino acid sequences. Because different alleles will produce different mRNA

Question 24

Why is new technology useful in genetic diversity

Answer 24

Give more accurate estimates

Allows comparisons to be made more easily

Question 25

Define variation

Answer 25

The different between individuals within or between species

Question 26

Why is there variation between the same species

Answer 26

Different alleles code for different characteristics | Environment - climate, food, lifestyle

Question 27

Why is there variation between species

Answer 27

Different species have different genes which code for different characteristics

Question 28

Why are samples used to measure variation in a population

Answer 28

Too time consuming to measure all organisms | Impossible to catch all organisms

Question 29

How do u make a sample unbiased

Answer 29

Needs to be random eg. Use random no generator | Use statistical tests

Question 30

Define biodiversity

Answer 30

The variety of living organisms in an area

Question 31

Define habitat

Answer 31

The place where an organism lives

Question 32

Define community

Answer 32

All the populations of different species in a habitat

Question 33

What is local biodiversity

Answer 33

Variety of species in a local area

Question 34

What is global biodiversity

Answer 34

The variety of species on Earth

Question 35

Define species richness

Answer 35

Number of different species in a community

Question 36

How does woodland clearance/hedgerow removal decrease biodiversity

Answer 36

Reduces no of trees species Destroys habitats Destroys shelter and food sources Species will die or have to migrate

Question 37

How do pesticides reduce biodiversity

Answer 37

Chemicals kill organisms | Any species that fed on the organisms also die

Question 38

How does monoculture reduce biodiversity

Answer 38

Field only contains 1 type of plant | Supporting few organisms

Question 39

What are 3 examples of conservative schemes

Answer 39

Legal protection of endangered species Protected areas = reduce development Environmental stewardship = encourages farmers to conserve biodiversity