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Biology 3 > Dna Genes And Chromosomes > Flashcards

Dna Genes And Chromosomes Flashcards

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1
Q

How is dna stored in eurkaryotic cells

A

Linear dna
Chromosomes
Found in nucleus
Wound around histone proteins

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2
Q

What is the function of histone proteins

A

Support the dna

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3
Q

In eurkaytoic cells, what organelles beside nuclei has its own dna

A

Mitochondria

Chloroplasts

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4
Q

How is dna stored in prokaryotes

A 
Chromosomes 
Circular
Shorter 
No histone proteins
So fits into cell by supercoiling
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5
Q

How is dna stored in mitochondria or chloroplasts

A

Short
Circular
No histone proteins

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6
Q

Define gene

A

a sequence of DNa bases that codes for a polypeptide of functional RNA

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7
Q

What is the primary structure if a protein

A

The sequence of bases forming a a sequence of amino acids

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8
Q

What is the difference between polypeptides

A

Different order of bases causing a different order of amino acids

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9
Q

How many bases make an amino acid

A

3(triplet)

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10
Q

Why is functional rna

A

RNA other than mRNA

Eg tRNA and ribosome rna

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11
Q

Define genome

A

Complete range of genes in the cell

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12
Q

Define proteome

A

Full range of proteins that a cell is able to Produce

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13
Q

What is an intron

A

Sections of dna that don’t code for amino acids

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14
Q

What are Exons

A

Section of dna that code for amino acids

Leave the nucleus to be transcribed

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15
Q

When are introns removed

A

Protein synthesis

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16
Q

Why are Introns removed

A

Don’t affect the order of amino acids

17
Q

What are non coding repeats

A

Don’t code for amino acids

Regions of multiple repeats of bases outside of the genes

18
Q

What is an allele

A

Different form of the same gene

19
Q

How are alleles different

A

The order of bases is slightly different

20
Q

What is a homologous pair

A

Pairs of matching chromosomes

They are the same size and carry the same

21
Q

Where will a gene be found on a homologous pair

A

On the gene locus

A fixed position on each chromosome of the homologous pair

Biology 3 (10 decks)

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