ecosystem

Question 1

is a complex system of living
(biotic) and non-living (abiotic) components

Answer 1

Ecosystem

Question 2

An ecosystem has two primary components

Answer 2

Biotic and Abiotic living things

Question 3

are the living organisms that interact
with each other and their environment within an
ecosystem.

Answer 3

Biotic components

Question 4

Types of animals

Answer 4

Herbivores
Carnivores
Omnivores

Question 5

are the non-living physical and
chemical elements that influence the living organisms
within an ecosystem.

Answer 5

Abiotic components

Question 6

What is examples of abiotic coomponents?

Answer 6

Sunlight
Water
Soil
Temperature
Air (Oxygen/Carbon Dioxide)

Question 7

What are the tyoes of ecosystem?

Answer 7

Terrestrial (Land-based)
Aquatic(water-based)

Question 8

What are the 6 subtyes of ecosystem?

Answer 8

Forest, grasslands, desert, tundra, mariane, and freshwater

Question 9

are complex communities of
trees, plants, animals, and microorganisms that
thrive in areas with high levels of rainfall and
moderate temperatures.
They play a crucial role in carbon
sequestration, oxygen production, and
biodiversity support

Answer 9

Forest Ecosystems

Question 10

are dominated by grasses and herbaceous plants, typically found
in regions with moderate rainfall and periodic droughts. These ecosystems support a wide variety of grazing animals and serve as important habitats for biodiversity

Answer 10

Grassland ecosystems

Question 11

are characterized by extreme aridity, with low precipitation and
sparse vegetation, adapted to survive harsh conditions.
These ecosystems host specially adapted species and play a significant role in nutrient cycling

Answer 11

Desert ecosystems

Question 12

exist in cold, treeless
regions with permafrost, where only hardy vegetation like mosses and lichens can thrive. These fragile ecosystems are crucial for
regulating global temperatures and supporting unique wildlife species.

Answer 12

Tundra ecosystems

Question 13

have salinity levels less
than 0.5 parts per thousand. Includes rivers, lakes, and wetlands. Vital for drinking water,agriculture, and supporting diverse species.

Answer 13

Freshwater ecosystems

Question 14

have salinity levels above
30 parts per thousand and cover about 70% of the Earth’s surface.
Includes oceans, coral reefs, and deep-sea areas. Key for climate regulation, fisheries, and oxygen production

Answer 14

Marine ecosystems

Question 15

Marine ecosystems Ocean Zones:

Answer 15

1. Euphotic zone
   2, Disphotic zone
2. Aphotic zone

Question 16

Extends from the surface to 80-100 meters.
Receives sufficient light for photosynthesis.
Supports a wide range of marine life

Answer 16

Euphotic zone

Question 17

Lies between 80-700 meters.
Receives limited light, not enough for
photosynthesis.
Predators rely on faint light to detect prey

Answer 17

Disphotic zone

Question 18

Begins around 200-800 meters.
No sunlight penetrates, no photosynthesis
occurs.
Dominated by chemosynthetic and
heterotrophic organisms

Answer 18

Aphotic zone

Question 19

Found where freshwater meets saltwater,
creating brackish conditions. Includes estuaries
and salt marshes.
Important for species nurseries, pollutant
filtration, and coastal protection

Answer 19

ESTUARINE
BIOMES

Question 20

A linear sequence that shows how
energy and nutrients flow.

Answer 20

FOOD CHAINS

Question 21

Food Chain Structure?

Answer 21

1. Producers
2. Primary Consumers
3. Secondary Consumers
4. Tertiary Consumers
5. Decomposers

Question 22

A complex network of interconnected food chains that exist within an ecosystem.

Answer 22

FOOD WEBS

Question 23

are the hierarchical positions in a food
chain or food web, representing the flow of energy and nutrients through an ecosystem

Answer 23

Trophic levels

Question 24

How many trophic levels are there?

Answer 24

1. First trophic level
2. Second trophic level
3. Third Trophic level
4. Fourth Trophic Level
5. Fifth Trophic Level

Question 25

Food chains and food webs are crucial for

Answer 25

the flow of energy, nutrient cycling, and maintaining the stability of ecosystems

Question 26

is the natural process through which carbon moves between the atmosphere, land, oceans, and living organisms, playing a crucial role in maintaining the Earth’s climate and supporting life.

Answer 26

carbon cycle

Question 27

s a natural process that describes how nitrogen moves through the Earth's atmosphere, biosphere, and geosphere, playing a crucial role in sustaining life.

Answer 27

nitrogen cycle

Question 28

also known as the hydrological cycle, is the continuous movement of water within the Earth and its atmosphere.

Answer 28

water cycle

Question 29

are events caused by natural forces that disrupt the structure and function of an ecosystem. These disturbances play a key role in shaping ecosystems and promoting biodiversity.

Answer 29

Natural Disturbances

Question 30

Fires caused by natural phenomena like lightning or extreme heat.

Answer 30

Wildfires

Question 31

What are the impact of wildfires?

Answer 31

Clears dead vegetation, promotes new growth. Helps certain species that depend on fire for seed germination (e.g., some pine trees). Can initially reduce plant and animal populations but leads to ecological regeneration

Question 32

Overflow of water in areas that are usually dry, caused by heavy rainfall, snowmelt, or storm surges

Answer 32

Floods

Question 33

What are the impact of floods?

Answer 33

Enriches soil by depositing nutrients and sediments. Recharges groundwater levels. Can temporarily displace or harm wildlife, but often fosters new wetland habitats

Question 34

Intense tropical storms with strong winds and heavy rainfall

Answer 34

Hurricanes

Question 35

What are the impact of hurricanes?

Answer 35

Causes coastal erosion and destruction of habitats like coral reefs and mangroves. Can lead to ecosystem regeneration by clearing out weak or diseased trees. Brings rain to drought-prone areas, balancing water systems

Question 36

Explosive release of molten rock, ash, and gases from a volcano

Answer 36

Volcanic Eruption

Question 37

What is the impact of volcanic eruption?

Answer 37

Destroys vegetation and animal life in immediate areas. Over time, volcanic ash adds nutrients to soil, supporting future plant growth. Can create new landforms and habitats (e.g., new islands)

Question 38

Extended periods of abnormally low rainfall leading to water shortages

Answer 38

Drought

Question 39

Impact of Drought?

Answer 39

Stress on plants and animals due to lack of water. Can lead to desertification in extreme cases. Some ecosystems, like grasslands, are adapted to periodic droughts and recover afterward.

Question 40

are disruptions to ecosystems caused by human activities. They alter the natural balance and function of ecosystems, often leading to long-term environmental degradation.

Answer 40

Human-induced disturbances

Question 41

Introduction of harmful substances or contaminants into the environment, causing adverse effects on ecosystems and human health

Answer 41

Pollution

Question 42

Refers to the process by which rural areas are transformed into urban centers, often leading to habitat loss and increased environmental stress.

Answer 42

Urbanization

Question 43

The large-scale removal of forests, primarily to make way for agricultural or urban development, leading to loss ofbiodiversity and disruption of ecosystems

Answer 43

Deforestation

Question 44

The extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, often causing significant environmental degradation through habitat destruction and pollution.

Answer 44

Mining

Question 45

Occurs when fish populations are harvested at unsustainable levels, leading to the depletion of marine species and disruption of aquatic ecosystems

Answer 45

Overfishing

Question 46

is key to preserving the natural structures and functions of biomes.

Answer 46

Conservation

Question 47

There are two types of human impact on ecosystems

Answer 47

positive and negative

Question 48

What are the positive impact of human on the ecosystem?

Answer 48

Conservation Efforts Sustainable Agriculture Ecotourism Waste Reduction Restoration Ecology

Question 49

Protected areas help preserve ecosystems and species

Answer 49

Conservation Efforts:

Question 50

Eco-friendly farming supports soil and biodiversity

Answer 50

Sustainable Agriculture:

Question 51

Tourism that helps conservation and educates people about nature

Answer 51

Ecotourism

Question 52

Recycling and reusing materials reduce pollution

Answer 52

Waste Reduction:

Question 53

Restoring damaged ecosystems helps bring back biodiversity

Answer 53

Restoration Ecology:

Question 54

What are the negative impact on ecosystems?

Answer 54

Deforestation: Pollution: Climate Change: Invasive Species: Overfishing/Overhunting:

Question 55

Clearing forests destroys habitats and affects climate.

Answer 55

Deforestation:

Question 56

Chemicals and waste harm air, water, and soil.

Answer 56

Pollution:

Question 57

Burning fossil fuels and cutting down trees cause global warming

Answer 57

Climate Change:

Question 58

Non-native species take over and harm local wildlife

Answer 58

Invasive Species:

Question 59

Removing too many species disrupts ecosystems

Answer 59

Overfishing/Overhunting:

Question 60

focuses on restoring and rehabilitating degraded ecosystems to their natural state.

Answer 60

Restoration ecology

Question 61

What are examples of restoration ecology?

Answer 61

1. Reforestation Projects 2. Mangrove Rehabilitation 3. Coral Reef Restoration