Economics

Question 1

Women are especially prone to poverty in old age, possible because of:

Answer 1

• Low wages and fringe benefits while in the workforce
• Interrupted careers that have lowered overall earnings history
• reduction in benefits when women are widowed
• May often impact ability to obtain PT services

Question 2

Three most common causes of death for all elderly

Answer 2

• Heart disease
• Cancer
• Stroke

Question 3

Chronic diseases:

Answer 3

More than 50% of males and 70% females over 80 have two or more chronic conditions

Question 4

Most prevalent self reported chronic conditions

Answer 4

• Arthritis
• HTN
• Diabetes
• Hearing impairments
• Heart disease

Question 5

Physical disability is most _______ in the oldest-old and more prevalent for elderly ____ at every age

Answer 5

Prevalent

women

Question 6

Common causes of disability

Answer 6

• Cardiovascular diseases(angina, HTN)
• Diabetes
• Obesity
• Stroke
• Hip fx
• Osteoarthrities

Question 7

Interesting fact: a study found improvement in _____ shifting, balance, and _____ ability in 40 individuals who were at least 1 year post stroke following an intensive _____ program and retained the new abililties at follow up 3 months later

Answer 7

weight
ADL
rehab

Question 8

Following ____ Fx, most recovery of the ability to _____ and perform ADL’s occurred within ____ months; poor recovery was associated with ______ age, pre-fracture dependency, longer hospital stay, dementia, post-surgical delirium in pt’s without dementia, and lack of Contact with a _____ support network; depression also negatively affects outcomes and low levels of _______ ability will engender depression

Answer 8

HIp
walk
6 months
older
social
ambulatory

Question 9

Psychosocial factors that can modify disaility

Answer 9

• INcome
• Smoking
• Social isolation
• Depression
• Education
• Alcohol use