Age and Exercise

Question 1

INactivity is the most common reason for losses in ____ capabilities

Answer 1

functional

Question 2

Two types of immobility:

Answer 2

Acute or accidental and chronic

Question 3

Acute or accidental:

Answer 3

• Due to catastrophic illness or accident

- activity is severely limited until medically stable

Question 4

Chronic:

Answer 4

Results from a long standing problem that are under-treated or left untreated

Question 5

Results from de-conditioning

Answer 5

• Multiple changes in organ system physiology that are induced by inactivity and reversed by activity
• Degree of deconditioning

Question 6

Degree of deconditioning depends on:

Answer 6

Degree of inactivity

Prior level of fitness

Question 7

Acute or accidental ( some of the changes associated with immobility)

Answer 7

-Distortion of time perception
-Decrements in some intellectual tests
-Mood changes
-Balance impairments
-INcreased in heart rate
-Greater increase in HR & BP at sub-maximal activity levels
-Lower maximal oxygen uptake
-Loss of lean body mass (gastrocsoleus> tibialis anterior>shoulder & arm flexors)
-Accelerated bone erosion
-Decrease in join ROM
INcreased incidence of

Question 8

Chronic (some of the changes associated with immobility)

Answer 8

• Poorer sense of well-being
• Balance impariments
• Prolonged reaction times
• Increase in resting heart rate more pronounced than acute
• Greater increase in HR & BP at sub maximal activity levels (more pronounced than acute)
• Lower maximal oxygen uptake ( more pronounced than acute)
• Loss of lean body mass (gastrocsloleus > tibialis anterior > shoulder & arm flexors)
• Accelerated bone erosion
• Decreased in joint arm ROM

Question 9

Immobility superimposed on age-related changes can be _______.

Answer 9

Devastating

Question 10

Exercise reverses the physiological changes of ______ - PROM or AAROM is important even in the most immobilized patients.

Answer 10

inactivity

Question 11

Strength training induces ______ strength adaptions that result in an enhanced capacity to develop ______ power

Answer 11

specific

maximal

Question 12

Studies demonstrate that even the ____ elderly, well into their ___th decade retain the capacity to adapt to resistance exercise training

Answer 12

frail

10th

Question 13

It is the _____ of the stimulus, not the underlying _____ or fraility of the individual that ____ the magnitude of the strength _____

Answer 13

intensity
fitness
determines
gains

Question 14

12 week progressive resistance program

Answer 14

80% of 1 RM, 3 sets of 8 reps, 3 days/week with re-eval of 1 RM every 2 weeks
Resulting in more than doubling of the extensor strength and more than tripling of the flexor strength

Question 15

8 week high intensity progressive resistance program:

Answer 15

with rail elderly living in a nursing home increased strength on average by 174% and mm cross-sectionial area by 15%

Question 16

Falling is strongly related to ____ _____, poor balance, postural sway; exercise training as the potential to _____ falling and the resultant disability and institutionalization that occurs often from ______

Answer 16

hip weakness
prevent
fall

Question 17

______ exercise increases the amount of ______ consumed at maximal exercise

Answer 17

Aerobic

Oxygen

Question 18

The extent of change is dependent on the ____ fitness level of the individual and the _____ of the _____ training

Answer 18

baseline
intensity
aerobic

Question 19

Changes occur in both the ______ mm and in the skeletal ______

Answer 19

cardiac mm

skeletal mm

Question 20

Not only does _____ capacity and _____ ability result, but glucose tolerance improves also

Answer 20

aerobic

function