Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AP Human Geo > Economic Geography > Flashcards

Economic Geography Flashcards

0
Q

Ancillary activities

A

Economic activities that surround and support large-scale industries such as shipping and food service

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Agglomeration

A

Grouping together of many firms from the same industry in a single area for collective or cooperative use of infrastructure and sharing of labor resources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Anthropocentric

A

Human-centered; in sustainable development, anthropocentric refers to ideas that focus solely on the needs of ppl w/o considering the creatures with whom we share the the planet or the ecosystems upon which we depend

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Backwash effect

A

The negative effects of one region that result from economic growth within another region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Break-bulk point

A

A location where large shipments of goods are broken up into smaller containers for delivery to local markets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Brick-and-mortar business

A

Traditional businesses with actual stores in which trade or retail occurs; it does not exist solely on the Internet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Bulk gaining industries

A

Industries whose products weigh more after assembly than they did previously in their constituent parts; such industries tend to have production facilities close to their markets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Bulk reducing industries

A

Industries whose final products weigh less than their constituent parts, and whose processing facilities tend to be located close to sources of raw materials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Conglomerate cooperation

A

A firm that is compromised of many smaller firms that serve several different functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Core

A

National or global regions where economic power, in terms of wealth, innovation, and advanced technology, is concentrated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Core-periphery model

A

A model of the spatial structure of development in which underdeveloped countries are defined by their dependence on a developed core region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cottage industry

A

An industry in which the production of goods and services is based in homes, as opposed to factories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Deglomeration

A

The dispersal of an industry that formerly existed in an established agglomeration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Deindustrialization

A

Loss of industrial activity in a region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Development

A

The process of economic growth, expansion, or realization of regional resource potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

E-commerce

A

Web-based economic activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Economic backwaters

A

Regions that fail to gain from national economic development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Ecotourism

A

A form of tourism, based on the enjoyment of scenic areas or natural wonders, that aims to provide an experience of nature or culture in an environmentally sustainable way

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Export-processing zone

A

Areas where gov’ts create favorable investment and trading conditions to attract export-oriented industries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Fast world

A

Areas of the world, usually the economic core, that experience greater levels of connection due to high-speed telecommunications and transportation technologies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Footloose firms

A

Manufacturing activities in which cost of transporting both raw materials and finished product isn’t important for determining the location of the firm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Fordism

A

System of standardized mass production attributed to Henry Ford

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Foreign investment

A

Overseas business investments made by private companies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Gender equity

A

A measure of the opportunities given to women compared to men within a given country

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Globalization

A

The idea that the world is becoming increasingly interconnected on a global scale such that smaller scales of political and economic life are becoming obsolete

25
Q

Gross Domestic Product

A

The total value of goods and services produced within the borders of a country during a specific time period, usually one year

26
Q

Gross National Product

A

The total value of goods and services, including income received from abroad, produced by the residents of a country within a specific time period, usually 1 year

27
Q

Human Development Index

A

Measure used by the UN that calculates development not in terms of money or productivity but in terms of human welfare; evaluates human welfare based on three parameters–life expectancy, education, and income

28
Q

Industrial Revolution

A

The rapid economic and social changes in manufacturing that resulted after the introduction of the factory system to the textile industry in England at the end of the 18th century

29
Q

Industrialization

A

Process of industrial development in which countries evolve economically, from producing basic, primary goods to using modern factories for mass-producing goods; at the highest levels of development, national economies are geared mainly toward the delivery of services and exchange of info

30
Q

Industrialized countries

A

Those countries that were all at the forefront of industrial production and innovation through the middle of the 20th century; while industry is currently shifting to other countries to take advantage of cheaper labor and more relaxed environmental standards, these countries still account for a large portion of the world’s total industrial output

31
Q

Least-cost theory

A

Alfred Weber; describes the optimal location of a manufacturing establishment in relation to the costs of transport and labor, and the relative advantages of agglomeration and deglomeration

32
Q

Least-developed countries

A

Those countries that usually have low levels of economic productivity, low per capita incomes, and generally low standards of living

33
Q

Manufacturing region

A

A region in which manufacturing activities have clustered together (ex. Great Lakes states, southeastern Brazil, central England, around Tokyo, etc.)

34
Q

Maquiladoras

A

Those US firms that have factories just outside the US/Mexican border in areas that have been specially designated by the Mexican gov’t; in such areas, factories cheaply assemble goods for export back into the US

35
Q

Net National Product

A

A measure of all goods and services produced by a country in a year, including production from its investments abroad, minus the loss or degradation of natural resource capital as a result of productivity

36
Q

Nonrenewable resources

A

Natural resources, such as fossil fuels, that do not replenish themselves in a timeframe that is relevant for human consumption

37
Q

Offshore financial center

A

Areas that have been specially designed to promote business transactions, and this have become centers for banking and finance

38
Q

Outsourcing

A

Sending industrial processes out for external production; this term increasingly applied not only to traditional industrial functions, but also to the contracting of service industry functions to companies to overseas locations, where operating costs remain relatively low

39
Q

Periphery

A

Countries that usually have low levels of economic productivity, low per capita capita incomes, and generally low standards of living

40
Q

Primary economic activities

A

Economic activities in which natural resources are made available for use or further processing, including mining, agriculture, forestry, and fishing

41
Q

Productivity

A

A measure of the goods and services produced within a particular country

42
Q

Purchasing Power Parity

A

A monetary measurement of development that takes into account what money buys in different countries

43
Q

Quaternary economic activities

A

Economic activities concerned with research, info gathering, and administration

44
Q

Quinary economic activities

A

The most advanced form of quaternary activities consisting of high-level decision making for large corporations or high-level scientific research

45
Q

Regionalization

A

The process by which specific regions acquire characteristics that differentiate them from others within the same country; in economic geo, regionalization involves the development of dominant economic activities in particular regions

46
Q

Renewable resources

A

Any natural resource that can replenish itself in a relatively short period of time, usually no longer that the length of a human life

47
Q

Rostow’s stages of development

A

A model of economic development that describes a country’s progression which occurs in 5 stages transforming them from least-developed to most-developed countries

48
Q

Rust Belt

A

The manufacturing region in the US that is currently debilitated because many manufacturing firms have relocated to countries offering cheaper labor and relaxed environmental regulations

49
Q

Secondary economic activities

A

Economic activities concerned with the processing of raw materials such as manufacturing, construction, and power generation

50
Q

Semiperiphery

A

Those newly industrialized countries with median standards of living; offer their citizens relatively diverse economic opportunities but also have extreme gaps between rich and poor (ex. Chile, Brazil, India, China, Indonesia, etc.)

51
Q

Service-based economies

A

Highly developed economies that focus on research and development, marketing, tourism, sales, and telecommunications

52
Q

Slow world

A

The developing world that does not experience the benefits of high-speed telecommunications and transportation technology

53
Q

Spatially fixed costs

A

An input cost in manufacturing that remains constant wherever production is located

54
Q

Specialty goods

A

Goods that aren’t mass produced but rather assembled individually or in small quantities

55
Q

Sustainable development

A

The idea that ppl living today should be able to meet their needs w/o prohibiting the ability of future generations to do the same

56
Q

Tertiary economic activities

A

Activities that provide the market exchange of goods and that bring together consumers and providers of services such as retail, transportation, gov’t, personal and professional services

57
Q

Transnational corporation

A

A firm that conducts business in at least two separate countries; also known as multinational corporations

58
Q

World cities

A

A group of cities that form an interconnected, internationally dominant system of global control of finance and commerce

59
Q

World-systems theory

A

Immanuel Wallerstein; explains the emergence of a core, periphery, and semiperiphery in terms of economic and political connections first established at the beginning of exploration in the late 1400s and maintained through increased economic access up until the present

60
Q

Spatially variable costs

A

An input cost in manufacturing that changes significantly from place to place in its total amount and in its relative share of total costs

AP Human Geo (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions