Economic Geography Flashcards
1
Q
Challenges of shale gas
A
- Hydraulic fracturing - huge qty of water
- Water contamination
- Siesmic zones - cambay basin, assam arakan basin
- Scientific and credible resources assessment
2
Q
Characteristics of footloose industry
A
- Location anywhere where good transport
- High skilled employees
- Least pollution
- Often small light components
- Electricity🔌 requirement
- Close to similar industries - to swap ideas
- Spatially fixed cost
3
Q
Location of foot loose industry
A
- Transportation
2 govt policies - Kerala govt IT parks - Cheap and skilled labor
- They need finance to start function. So in areas where financial services available
- Satellite towns
- Non polluting, so residential area also.
4
Q
Sugar industry location
A
- weight losing raw material - so nearby sugar plantations
- Warmer climate better yeild. Maharashtra - thicker
- Black lava - good for growth
Why now South Indian
- No loo and frost
- Ocean. So moderate temp - longer crushing season
- High sucrose content
- Sugar canes need compact block - Cooperatives successful
5
Q
Why sugar industry facing problem in India
A
- Low yield per hectare
- Water guzzling crop. Yet situated in water scarce Maharashtra
- Frp
- Extraction of sugar from cane is lower for gud and khandasari. So net loss to the country
- Obsolete machinery
- Short crushing season
6
Q
Fisheries contributes to what of agriculture GDP
A
5%
7
Q
Fish industry around the world location factors
A
- Fish gutting- weight loss - so on the vessel or near coastal plains
- Where warm current and cold currents meet - Newfoundland in us and Canada
- Temperate climate - can store longer
- Northern areas - agri not suitable - turn to fishing - iceland, Japan, norway
8
Q
Why better fish industry in Europe/ north America compared to Asia
A
- Asia fish - higher oil content
- Asia relatively smooth coastline
- Temperate climate
- Continental shelves narrower in Asia
- Large ships required for commercial fishing - capital investment
- In tropical areas variety fish occur in small groups
9
Q
Why western coast more fish production
A
- Kerala coast significant upwelling during monsoon - so phytoplankton
- Commercial variety - prawn and mackerel 🍤
- Trational catamarans in East Coast. While west coast mechanized
- 2/3rd of fishermen in West Coast
- Fisheries in backwater - throughout the year. But marine - closed or regulated during monsoon
10
Q
Indian steel industry concentrated in chotanagpur region
A
- Iron ore
- Nearby coal producing states. Manganese, bauxite, limestone are found in this part
- Cheap labor
4 ports - vizag, haldia - Roads, inland waterways to serve domestic market also
11
Q
Cotton
A
2nd largest producer of cotton. World class spinning. But weaving supplies low quality fabric
- Lightweight and non perishable. So anywhere.
- Electricity. Tamil nadu result of hydel power
- Labor
- Water - pykara dam - coimbatore and madurai
- Dry climate thread will break easily. Humidity - mumbai, lanchashire, osaka
- Market - kanpur
12
Q
Problems with cotton textile
A
- No good qlty- import from egypt, sudan
- Farmers hord to Inc price
- Obsolete tech
- Power supply - inadequate
- Dwarfism
6 competition from synthetic fibres
13
Q
Why osaka in Japan developed as cotton center
A
- Plain area available
- Humid climate
- Port - import cotton from egypt, india
- RIVER YODO
- Export demand - good quality and cheap
6 cheap labor
14
Q
Jute industry challenges
A
- 70% of jute growing areas went to Bangladesh
- Competition from rice in deltaic regions
- Obsolete machinery
- govt policies - gunny bag image - no further marketing
- Lack of marketing strategy
5 Bangladesh - cheap labor and modern technology - better and cheaper - synthetic packaging
15
Q
Analysts jute bag market worth more than
A
$ 3 billion in 2024
16
Q
Potential of jute industry in context of cc
A
- World looking out for alternative to synthetic material
- Jute enriches soil by fallen leaf - ideal for crop rotation
- Jute absorbs more carbon ( ICAR study)
17
Q
Wf for jute
A
- Jute promotion and export council
- Lakme fashionweek
- Better qlty seed ( jute i care scheme)
- Humidified retting
18
Q
Analyse the potential of chemical industry in India
A
- though not self sufficient in suphur - proximity to middle East
- Growing middle class - paints, construction, textiles
- Deregulated. Only some harmful
- Agri
- Indias chemical generally - low cost yet high end
19
Q
Why inorganic chemical industry spread across India
A
- Next to the closely related - refrigerants near ac
- Some non pollution, some pollution
- Far away from raw materials
- Near to raw materials
20
Q
Factors affecting distribution of cement industry
A
1.1.5 tonnes limestone for 1 tonne cement. So not in northern plains
2 vidhyan range from Rajasthan to jharkhand has abundant limestone.
3. Less transportation cost if locates near market . Ex : gujrat, close to the market in gulf countries
4. Water, energy, labor
5. Coal is a major input- to overcome difficulties,- import. So near ports
21
Q
Indias potential for automobile sector
A
- Raw materials like steel, tyres- chennai Automobile sector near salem steel plants
- rising middle class
- electric vehicle industry
- vehicle scrappage, pli scheme
- Cheap skilled and unskileld labor
22
Q
Issues with indias automobile industry
A
- Covid
- Global shortage of semiconductor - chip famine due to corona- Japan, sk et shut down
3 bs Vi - International crash tests - indian cars not safe
22
Q
Issues with indias automobile industry
A
- Covid
- Global shortage of semiconductor - chip famine due to corona- Japan, sk et shut down
3 bs Vi - International crash tests - indian cars not safe
23
Q
Why indias IT in bangalore
A
- Seed sowed by Infosys
- Best climate
3 . State givt - 1970s huge tract of land - Cosmopolitan culture
- Educational institutions
- Internet connectivity infra
24
Why timber industry in Canada
1. Coniferous forest. Same type concentrated
2. Not dense like tropical. Easy accessibility
3. Softwood, so easily lumbered
4. Since forwst covered with snow, slippery surface easier to move log to rivers
5. Market- USA newsprint
25
Issues with indian pharma
1. Lupin and granuels
2. Api
3 wto ipr
4 large mncs have monopolised. Mergers and acquisitions further monopolisation
5. Orphan diseases
26
Why pharma industries in West Coast
1. Proximity to ports - kandla, bhavnagar - Africa
2 . Ease of doing business - gujrats
3. Petrochemical hubs in Gujarat and mumbai- ex; benzene used in aspirin
4 easy availability of capital - traditional hub of trade
5. Cities
27
Factors responsible for location of chemical industry
1. No significant weight loss. So near market, near port or mid point
2 pipeline connection and trucks
3. Coast. To facilitate import. Reliansce pipeline to directly transfer crude oil from sikka port to jamnagar refinery
28
A case study for rural tourism
Village life experience package under responsible tourism mission of Kerala govt. Incorprating public participate, farmers artisans
29
Key data for tourism
Nearly 9% of indias gdp and 8% of total employment
30
Issues with tourism
1. Covid
2. Infra and inaccessible
3. Safety - Japanese tourist raped by shopkeeper in kovalam
4. Already overcrowded. Env
5. K shaped recovery - migrating to other
6. 2008 mumbai terror attack - 28 foreigner
31
Wf for tourism
1. Kerala tourism min - foodie wheels - a cafe on discardesd double decker bus in vaikom back water
2. odisha govt- eco retreat camps and moto cycling fest by odisha govt
32
Bamboo intro
India forest act amended to remove bamboo from tree
National bamboo mission- hub and spoke, farm to market, upgrade skill of traditional craftsmen
33
Positive of bamboo
1. Agro forestry in small land
2. Green building
3. Curb deforestation - provide wood substitute
4. Reclaim waste land
5. Oxgen parks - beema bamboo
34
Main issues with bamboo
1. Gestation period > 4 years
| 2. Rot issues
35
2 best practice fir bamboo
1. Intl bamboo and rattan org - china
| 2 bamboo treatment facility in indonesia- longevity- env friendly preservation treatment
36
Tea conditions
1. Warm humid
2. 150 - 300 CM well distributed annual rainfall
3. Acidic and well drained soil
37
Issues with tea
1. Assam 2nd flush
2. Cheap tea - kenya and nepal
3. Fake - nepal as darjeeling tea
38
Issues with cofee 6th largest producer
1. Uneven blossom showers
2. Shortage of skilled plantation
3. Stagnation in price - small (98%) - cofeee resort, Intercropping with pepper
