economic developments in the kaiser reich

Question 1

how did germany lesson the effects of the 1873-1876 great depression

Answer 1

earlier investment into railway building

Question 2

what percent was agriculture in Germanys GDP before 1880

Answer 2

35-40

Question 3

what percentage was agriculture of germanys GDP in 1914

Answer 3

25

Question 4

what percentage was industry of germanys GDP in 1914

Answer 4

45

Question 5

how much did german industry increase from 1890 to 1914

Answer 5

it tripled

Question 6

what factors encourgaed industrial growth

Answer 6

population increase provided the market and workers

raw materials available in the ruhr , alcase and lorraine and saar and silesia

georgraphy - lots of rivers(for transport) and flat land meant building railway was easy

good education - elementary was the best in the world and munich uni had more scince grads then all of england

banks were free from state control and invested in research , trade and development

new cartels

bismarks tarrifs supported the development

Question 7

how many new banks were founded in prussia in 1872

Answer 7

49

Question 8

what was the increase in number of cartels

Answer 8

1875- 8
1887 - 70
1900- 300
1911-600

Question 9

what was included in the new industries

Answer 9

chemicals
electricals
machinery
cars

Question 10

comparison sizes of the german merchant navy

Answer 10

3x america
but only 1/4 of the british

Question 11

where did germany have a monopoly at the start of the 20th centuary

Answer 11

chemical dyes
they produced more than 3/4 of the worlds supply

Question 12

where did the electrically companies develop and why

Answer 12

rhineland because generators could be powered off of waste gas from the steel works

Question 13

what did siemans lead the way in

Answer 13

making dynamos

Question 14

what does weltpolitik mean

Answer 14

expansion of forigen policy

Question 15

what percent of the population were employed in agriculture in 1907

Answer 15

35
4x as many as in britain

Question 16

what was protecting the agriculture industry

Answer 16

tariffs
they helped farmers by stopping cheap international crops being imported from flooding the market but they kept german food prices artificailly high

Question 17

what challenged traditional farming

Answer 17

synthetic foods - margarine
new processes
refridgeration - allowed transatlantic imports
costs rose and labour supply fell
new machinary and fertilisers were essential

Question 18

evidence for decline in agriculture

Answer 18

prices fell
bad harvest in late 1870s lead to american grain imports
railway created more competition for previously exclueded farmers
landowners had to sell up or get mortgage due to financial difficulty
peasants moved to towns
% of population emploed in agriculture fell from 50 in 1871 to 35 in 1907

Question 19

evidence against agricultural decline

Answer 19

farming machinary aand technology became cheaper so yeild could be increased

4 million acres of land were bought under cultivation in 1880 - 1900

root crop farmers did well

bussinessmen farmers looked into profitability and employed cheap seasonal workers

Question 20

when was germany one of the major trading and importing nations in the world

Answer 20

1913

Question 21

in 1913 how much had imports risen to

Answer 21

526 million

Question 22

in 1913 how much had exports risen to

Answer 22

495 million

Question 23

when and why were tariffs introduced

Answer 23

1879
because the junkers , and manifactures joined together in the central association of german manifacturers and bismark introduced tariffs

Question 24

when did caprivi negociate a treaty with russia austria and romania and what did it agree

Answer 24

1893
that tariffs would be lower for them if they lowered importing tariffs on manifactured goods
conservatives werent happy