economic

Question 1

What’s debt crisis?
What’s debt relief?

Answer 1

debt is built up by countries borrowing money to develop their economies which leads to debt crisis- reduced value of exports, increase value of imports

debt relief has helped poor countries invest in development projects such as infrastructure
countries use the money saved to provide services such as free education

Grameen Bank- Bangladesh helps locals/women use their skills to develop small businesses

Question 2

How has tourism contributed to Jamaica’s development?

Answer 2

Economy
- 2014- tourism was 24% of GDP
- $2 billion a year from tourism

Infrastructure
- investment on north coast
- improvements in road/airports slow
- some parts of island remain isolated

Q of L
- North tourist areas- Montego Bay- wealthy Jamaicans have high standard of living
- large numbers of people nearby live in poor housing with poor access to fresh water, healthcare, education

Environment
- conservation/landscaping projects provide jobs
-community tourism/ecotourism
- mass tourism- footpath erosion, excessive waste, harmful emissions

Employment
- 200,000 jobs tourism
- new skills learned
- provides income- boosts economy

Question 3

types of aid

Answer 3

Emergency aid
Developmental aid

• Short term- emergency help
• long term- sustainable aid to improve resilience
• tied- within certain conditions
• voluntary- money donated by public (NGOs)
• multilateral- rich governments give money to an international organisation which distributes it to poorer countries
• bilateral- one country to another (often tied)

Question 4

fair trade

Answer 4

arrangement which aims to help producers in LICs to have a better Q of L

-paying farmers fairly
- investing in local communities
- promoting fair wages to work force
- reduces poverty

coffee farmers in Uganda joined the Gumuntindo coffee cooperation to gain economies of scale so they can buy in bulk

Question 5

AID

Answer 5

money goods or services given by governments or NGOs

financial aid allows country to invest in development

Great Aid Oxfam - helps African families- buys them a goat

Question 6

Economic investment

Answer 6

TNCs invest in LICs but often exploit the countries. Governments can tax the TNCs to increase money going to healthcare and education

Question 7

different types of migration

Answer 7

immigrant- moves into a country

emigrant- moves out of a country

economic migrant- moves voluntarily to seek a better life

refugee- forced to move from their country

displaced person- forced to move from their home but stays in their country

Question 8

causes of uneven development

Answer 8

physical
- landlocked countries cut off from seaborne trade
- climate-related diseases affect health
- extreme weather - damage infrastructure
-lack of adequate supplies of clean water affect farming/health

economic
- rich countries/international companies want to pay little for materials- from LICs
- supply of materials outstrips demand which keeps prices low
- processing in rich countries
- rich get richer, poor get less able to develop

historical
- wealth produced during colonial period went to European powers
- gained independence
- results in civil wars and political struggles which has held back development

Question 9

Industrial development

Answer 9

multiplier effect
- industrial development brings employment, higher incomes
- opportunities to invest in housing, infrastructure
- population then becomes better educated and healthier
- provides more opportunities to invest in industries and business