Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

biology > Ecology Definitions (HL) > Flashcards

Ecology Definitions (HL) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is ecology

A

the study of how living things interact with their environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is an ecosystem

A

groups of living organisms that interact with their environment
eg. grassland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a biosphere

A

the part of the planet containing living things

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a Population

A

the number of organisms for one species living in an area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a Community

A

all the different populations living in an area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a Habitat

A

where an animal or plant lives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are Biotic factors

A

relate to living factors -

food, competition, predation, humans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are abiotic factors

A

relate to non-living factors - temperature, soil , rainfall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are edaphic factors

A

relate to the soil -

soil pH, soil temp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are climatic factors

A

relate to the weather over a long period of time -

wind, rainfall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are consumers

A

organisms that take in food from other organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are producers

A

organisms that make their own food / carry out photosynthesis
all plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a food chain

A

shows a sequence of organisms in which one is eaten by the next

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a trophic level

A

a feeding stage in the food chain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is flora

A

all plants in an ecosystem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is fauna

A

all animals in an ecosystem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is a primary consumer

A

eats a producer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is a secondary consumer

A

eats a primary consumer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is a tertiary consumer

A

eats a secondary consumer

20
Q

What is a decomposer

A

breaks down dead organic matter

bacteria, fungi

21
Q

What is a herbivore

A

eats plants only

22
Q

What is an omnivore

A

eats both plants and animals

23
Q

What is a carnivore

A

eats other animals only

24
Q

What are detritus feeders

A

feed on dead leaves and dead organic matter

25
Q

What is a food web

A

two or more inter-linked food chains

26
Q

What is a niche

A

the functional role an organism plays in an ecosystem

27
Q

What is a pyramid of numbers

A

represents the number of organisms at each trophic level of a food chain

28
Q

What is pollution

A

the release of any harmful substances into the environment

29
Q

What is a pollutant

A

the substance that is causing the pollution

30
Q

What is conservation

A

the wise management of our environment and the preventing of organisms becoming extinct

31
Q

What is competition

A

the struggle between two organisms for a resource in short supply
food, shelter,mates

32
Q

What is contest competition

A

the physical contest between two organisms and only one gets the resource
2 deers fighting for female

33
Q

What is scramble competition

A

where a number of organisms struggle for a resource but they all get some of the resource but not enough
young seedling plants competing for light and space

34
Q

What is intra-specific competition

A

when two organisms of the same species compete

35
Q

What is inter-specific competition

A

occurs between organisms of different species

36
Q

What is predation

A

the catching, killing and eating of another organism

37
Q

What is a predator

A

an organism that catches , kills and eats another organism

38
Q

What is prey

A

the organism that has been killed and eaten by the predator

39
Q

What is symbiosis

A

occurs when two organisms living in close association with each other and at least one of them benefits

40
Q

What is parasitism

A

occurs when one organism lives on another (the host) and causes to harm

41
Q

What are ectoparasites/exoparasites

A

live on the host on the outside and cause harm

fleas on a dog

42
Q

What are endoparasites

A

live on the host on the inside and cause harm

tapeworm in intestines

43
Q

What is an adaption

A

a feature of the organism that increases its chances survival
rabbits run fast to escape from predators

44
Q

What is nitrogen fixation

A

the conversion of nitrogen gas into nitrates , ammonia or ammonium

45
Q

What is nitrification

A

the conversion of ammonia and ammonium compounds to nitrite and then nitrates

46
Q

What is denitrification

A

the conversion of nitrates into nitrogen gas

47
Q

What is nutrient recycling

A

when carbon or nitrogen are exchanged between living and non living parts of the environment
allows nutrients to be reused

biology (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions