Ecology (Ch. 3,4, 6) Flashcards
List the ecological levels of organization from the largest to the smallest.
organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome
What is a trophic level?
feeding levels which show how energy flows in an ecosystem
Which type of organism is always at the bottom of the ecological pyramid? Why?
producer, sunlight to energy
What is the 10% rule?
only 10% of energy is passed from one trophic level to the next
Compare and contrast between a food chain and a food web.
food chain- model that shows a sequence of feeding relationships
food web- complex network of feeding relationships & energy flow
What is a niche?
includes the species habitat, feeding habits, behavior. etc
Compare and contrast between biotic and abiotic factors in an ecosystem. Give two examples of each.
biotic- living things (plants, animals, bacteria)
abiotic- non-living things ( water, soil)
parasitism
parasitism- one organism benefits, others are harmed
mutualism
both organisms benefit from living together
commensalism
one organism benefits, others neither harmed
competition
two organisms fight for same limited resources
What are the four major types of cycles in nature?
water, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus cycle
What are the two processes that recycle carbon between consumers and producers?
cellular respiration & photosynthesis
What is a biome?
a major community of organisms
What are the 6 types of terrestrial biomes?
tundra, taiga, , tropical rain forest, desert, grassland, temperate forest
