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Bio 4th Year > Ecology And The Environment > Flashcards

Ecology And The Environment Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Name the first 4 trophic levels

A

Producer
Primary consumer
Secondary consumer
Tertiary consumer

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2
Q

What do the arrows in a food chain represent

A

The transfer of energy

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3
Q

What is a producer

A

An organism that creates its own food or energy

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4
Q

Population définition

A

All the organisms of the same species in a habitat

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5
Q

Community definition

A

All the different species in a habitat

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6
Q

Habitat definition

A

The place where an organism lives

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7
Q

Ecosystem definition

A

A community of organisms interacting with their physical environment

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8
Q

Biodiversity definition

A

A range of plants and animals

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9
Q

What is biomass

A

The total mass of biological material at each level of a food chain

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10
Q

What is a pyramid of number

A

Shows the number of organisms in each trophic level in a food chain

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11
Q

What is a pyramid of biomass

A

Shows the total amount of biomass of the organism in each trophic level

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12
Q

What ways is biomass lost at each level.

A

Used in respiration
Some food isn’t eaten
Lost as heat to surroundings
Lost in urine and faeces

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13
Q

Biotic factors affecting the distribution of organisms

A

Predation
Disease
Availability of food
Availability of mates

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14
Q

Abiotic factors affecting the distribution of organisms

A

Rainfall
O2 content
Temperature
Soil condition
Pollution
Hours of sunlight

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15
Q

Why is nitrogen so important to living organisms

A

Amino acids - proteins
DNA

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16
Q

How are nitrates absorbed by plants

A

Uptake by roots by active transport using root hair cells

17
Q

Green house gases

A

CO2
Méthane
Nitrous oxides
Water vapor
CFCs

18
Q

Consequences of global warming

A

Melting of ice caps
Rise in sea levels
Flooding
Extreme weather
Habitat loss - extinction

19
Q

How is deforestation leading to an increase in CO2 levels in the atmosphere

A

Less CO2 uptake and less O2 released
CO2 is produced from decomposition and burning of dead trees

20
Q

Link between increase in greenhouse effect and global warming

A

Increase in GHGs
More heat radiation being trapped
Increasing global temperature

21
Q

Nitrogen fixation

A

Converting atmospheric nitrogen into nitrogenous compounds

22
Q

Nitrification

A

Converting ammonia ions into nitrites then nitrates

23
Q

Uptake

A

Plant take up nitrate ions by active transport and use them to make proteins

24
Q

Consumption

A

Animals eat the plants which transfers the nitrogenous compounds

25
Q

Decomposition

A

Proteins in dead plant and animals are broken down and converted back to ammonium ions

26
Q

Denitrification

A

Nitrates are converted back to nitrogen gas, using up the oxygen

Bio 4th Year (12 decks)

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