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Biology > ECOLOGY > Flashcards

ECOLOGY Flashcards

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1
Q

Population

A

All the members of the same species in an area

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2
Q

Competition

A

When organisms actively struggle for a resource that is in short supply

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3
Q

Intra specific competition

A

Between members of the same species

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4
Q

Inter specific competition

A

Between members of different species

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5
Q

Contest competiton

A

An active physical contest between 2 individual organisms

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6
Q

Scramble competition

A

All competing individuals get some of the resource

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7
Q

Predation

A

The catching , killing and eating of another organism

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8
Q

Predator

A

An organism that catches kills and eats another organism

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9
Q

Prey

A

The organism that is eaten by the predator

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10
Q

Parasitism

A

When 2 organisms of different species live in close association and 1 obtains its food and to the disadvantage of the host

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11
Q

Parasite

A

Lives on or in the body of a host

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12
Q

Exoparasites

A

Live on the outside of the hosts body

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13
Q

Endoparasites

A

Live inside the host
Weaken the,
But do not kill the host

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14
Q

Host

A

Organisms that the parasite lives on or in

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15
Q

Symbiosis

A

When 2 organisms of different species have to live in close association and 1 or both benefit

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16
Q

Mutualism

A

Both benefit from association

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17
Q

Predator prey relationship

A

Preys increase and so does the predator more preys killed and cycle repeats

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18
Q

Factors of a predator prey relationship

A

Availability of food
Movement of predators

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19
Q

Bacteria in mammals

A

Cellulose digesting bacteria in the intestines of mammalian
Provides shelter and warmth

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20
Q

Bacteria in plant nodules

A

Nitrogen fixing bacteria
Gains food

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21
Q

The bacteria ion human liver

A

Produces vitamin B and K
ALSO FOOD

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22
Q

What is population explosion

A

It is the rapid increase in humans numbers in recent years
Factors include war the famines contraception and disease

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23
Q

Ecology

A

The study of the relationship between organisms and their environment

24
Q

Ecosystem

A

A group of clearly distinguished organisms that interact with their environment

25
Q

Biosphere

A

The part of the planet where life exists

26
Q

Community

A

All the different populations in an area

27
Q

Population

A

All the ,members of the same species in an area

28
Q

Habitat

A

The place where an organism lives

29
Q

Herbivore

A

An organism that feeds on plants only

30
Q

Carnivore

A

An organism that feeds on animals only

31
Q

Omnivore

A

Eats both plants and animals

32
Q

Niche

A

The role an organism plays in an ecosystem

33
Q

Food niche

A

Organism etas certain food that others do not
No competiton

34
Q

Food chain

A

Shows the transfer of energy from one organism to the next

35
Q

Tropic level

A

The feeding position in a food chain

36
Q

Primary consumer

A

Feeds on producer

37
Q

Secondary consumer

A

Feeds on the primary consumer

38
Q

Tertiary consumer

A

Feeds on the secondary consumer

39
Q

Nutrient recycling

A

the way in which the elements [c and n] are exchanged between living and non living components of an organism

40
Q

The carbon cycle

A

Is the process where carbon form the envrionment is converted to carbon in living things

41
Q

Name the edaphic factors

A

The pH
Temp
Moisture

42
Q

The nitrogen cycle

A

To take nitrogen form the air and make is available for us by living things

43
Q

Function of nitrifying bacteria

A

Converts nitrogen in the atmosphere to nitrates

44
Q

What do bacteria of decay do ?

A

Convert nitrogen waste to ammonia

45
Q

Nitrifying bacteria

A

Convert ammonia to nitrates

46
Q

What do denitrifying bacteria do?

A

Convert nitrates to nitrogen gas

47
Q

What measures wind speed?

A

Anometer

48
Q

What equipment is used for soil pH

A

Soil thermometer

49
Q

What meausre rainfall

A

Rain gauge

50
Q

What measures humidity?

A

Hydrometer

51
Q

What measures lights intensity ?

A

Lux meter of light meter

52
Q

Diurnal

A

Comes out during the day

53
Q

What does the pitfall trap collect

A

Springtail and spider

54
Q

What does the pooter collect ?

A

Ant and springtail

55
Q

What does beating tray collect

A

Springtail and spidere

56
Q

What does sweep net collect

A

Springtail and fly

57
Q

What does the tullgern funnel do

A

Collects animals but kills them in the process

Biology (5 decks)

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