Chpt 26 The Heart And Blood Vessels

Question 1

We need a circulatory system because..

Answer 1

Diffusion is slow in large organisms

Question 2

Open circulatory system

Answer 2

Blood pumped from heart to blood vessels, then leaves vessels and passes through different parts of the body the back to heart

Question 3

Animals with open circulatory systems include

Answer 3

Insects, crabs

Question 4

Closed circulatory system

Answer 4

In humans. Blood is enclosed in blood vessels. Faster circulation of blood. Easier regulation of blood such as when we are active needing direct movement to muscles

Question 5

Arteries

Answer 5

Carry blood away from the heart

Question 6

Blood in arteries

Answer 6

Is under high pressure

Question 7

The walls of arteries are

Answer 7

Thick and strong

Question 8

What type of lumen do arteries have

Answer 8

Small lumen

Question 9

O arteries have valves

Answer 9

No

Question 10

Veins carry blood

Answer 10

To the heart

Question 11

Blood in the veins is under

Answer 11

Low pressure

Question 12

The wall of veins are

Answer 12

Thin and weak

Question 13

The lumen of vein is

Answer 13

Large

Question 14

Do veins have valves

Answer 14

Yes

Question 15

What is the name of the outer layer of protein

Answer 15

Collagen

Question 16

Collagen function

Answer 16

Tough layer that prevents vessel from expanding too much

Question 17

Function of muscle and elastic fibres

Answer 17

Alter size of vessel

Question 18

What is the endothelium

Answer 18

A thin layer of living cells

Question 19

Function of valves

Answer 19

Prevent backflow

Question 20

Structure of capillaries?

Answer 20

Tiny branched vessels
Thin walls

Question 21

What is porous?

Answer 21

In the walls of capillaries
So materials can easily pass in and out of capillaries

Question 22

Deoxygenated blood enters the…

Answer 22

Through vena cava into right atrium

Question 23

Function of right atrium

Answer 23

Pumps blood through tricuspid valve ,into right ventricle

Question 24

The right ventricle pumps blood…

Answer 24

Through pulmonary artery to lungs

Question 25

Oxygenated blood comes from the

Answer 25

Lungs

Question 26

Blood from the lungs enters

Answer 26

The though pulmonary veins into left atrium

Question 27

The left atrium pumps blood….

Answer 27

Through bicuspid valve to the left ventricle

Question 28

Where does the left atrium pump blood?

Answer 28

Out the aorta to the rest of the whole body

Question 29

Function of tricuspid and bicuspid valves?

Answer 29

Ensures blood does not pass from ventricles back to atria

Question 30

Unction of semilunar valves

Answer 30

Ensure that blood can’t be sucked back into heart

Question 31

Why are the walls of ventricles thick?

Answer 31

Because they pump blood a long distance (all around the body)

Question 32

Thick wall on left ventricle because?

Answer 32

It has to exert a strong pressure to pump blood all the way around the body

Question 33

Left had side of heart pumps blood to

Answer 33

The lung

Question 34

Right hand side of heart pumps blood

Answer 34

Around the rest of the body

Question 35

Advantages of double circulation ?

Answer 35

1 Oxygen Rich and oxygen poor are separated 2 blood pressure is high so can reach all body parts

Question 36

Diastole

Answer 36

When the heart muscle is relaxed

Question 37

Systole

Answer 37

When the heart is contracted

Question 38

What is the pace maker?

Answer 38

Also called SA node Located in the right atrium It controls the rate of heartbeat

Question 39

How does the pacemaker control heartbeat ?

Answer 39

Sends out electrical pulses Causing aria to contract When reacher a trio ventricular is the pulse is strengthened and send to septum

Question 40

How is the rate of heart beat increased

Answer 40

Increased by exercise/drugs/excitement

Question 41

How is heart rate decreased

Answer 41

Rest/sleep/drugs such as alcohol

Question 42

Portal system

Answer 42

Is one in which the blood starts and ends in capillaries

Question 43

Pulse is caused by

Answer 43

A surge of blood in arteries triggered by ventricular systole

Question 44

The pulse indicates

Answer 44

The rate of heartbeat

Question 45

How is blood pressure recorded?

Answer 45

By measuring the pressure needed to stop the flow of blood in the arteries of the upper arm

Question 46

Why is smoking bad for the heart

Answer 46

Nicotine increases heart rate Carbon monoxide reduces the ability oof blood to carry oxygen Chemicals increase risk of blood clots

Question 47

Diet affects the heart as

Answer 47

Rat rich diets increase blockage in arteries Too much salt and overweight raises blood pressure /heart attacks

Question 48

Does exercise help the heart

Answer 48

Yes is strengthens the heart