ECM 1413 Internet Layer IPv4 Flashcards

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1
Q

What does the Internet Layer allow for?

A

Network (internet) Layer allows end-to-end device communication

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2
Q

Network layer potential protocols

A

Routed(IP)
Routing (OSPF & EIGRP)
Supporting (ICMP & ARP)

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3
Q

IPv4 Packet Header Contents

A

Version
IHL
Type of Service
Packet Length
Identification
Flag
Fragment Offset
Time to live
Protocol
Header Checksum
Source Address
Destination Address
Options
Padding

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4
Q

What is an IPv4 address

A

Uniquely identifies a device on an IP Network
32-bit broken into four octets using dotted-decimal format

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5
Q

Prefix Length

A

number of bits representing network portion
- Ex: 192.168.1.1/24

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6
Q

Subnet mask

A

1s represent network portion and 0s for host portion
- Ex: 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000

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7
Q

Types of IPv4 addresses

A

Network address: all host portion bits are 0s
Broadcast address: all host portion bits are 1s
Host Address: between network & broadcast

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8
Q

Subnetting

A

Dividing a single address block into multiple logical networks
- Borrowing bits from host portion to network portion
Number of subnets = 2^b (borrowed bits)

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9
Q

VLSM (short for “variable length subnet mask”)

A

a computer networking technique to divide an IP network into subnets with different subnet masks

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10
Q

Public and Private Addresses

A
  • Public addresses used in networks accessible on the internet
  • Private addresses used in internal networks are not routable
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11
Q

NAT (network address translation) on the perimeter device

A

NAT changes a private IPv4 address to a public address

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12
Q

Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)

A

ICMP is a L3 supporting protocol
Messaging protocol - sends messages and operational information
Used for error reporting and diagnosing network issues
- Testing connectivity (ping)
- Observing the path (tracert)

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13
Q

Device Configurations

A
  • IP address
  • Subnet mask
  • Default gateway
  • DNS server
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14
Q

Subnetting example:
borrowing 3 bits from host portion to network portion..

A

gives 8 subnets

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