Echevarria and Graves Ch.4

Question 1

According to Steve Krashen (1987), what are the three “affective filters” that influence the language learning process of a learner?

Answer 1

1. motivation
2. self-confidence/self-esteem
3. anxiety

Question 2

What are the 2 types of motivation that affect learning a second language?

Answer 2

1. integrative

2. instrumental

Question 3

How is academic performance affected by negative affective filters/factors?

Answer 3

• reluctance to contribute to discussion
• difficulty organzing ideas
• difficulty recognizing phonemes/sounds, producing sounds
• failure to follow directions
• difficulty finding right word for things
• difficulty reading

Question 4

How is social interaction affected by negative affective filters/factors?

Answer 4

• poor self-esteem
• reluctance to interact with other children
• exclusion, ridicule, or rejection by other children
• difficulty carrying on a conversation
• problems negotiating rules for games

Question 5

What are the respectful labels?

Answer 5

• English Learner (EL) or English Language Learner (ELL)
• English Only (EO)
• Non-English Proficient (NEP)
• Limited English Proficient (LEP)
• Fluent English Proficient (FEP)
• Bilingual Student

Question 6

Facts about EL Persons

Answer 6

• may be native born (U.S.) but not speak English
• live in every state, nearly all cities and counties
• any age, culture, education level
• employed in all occupations (business, services, manufacturing, agriculture, etc.)

Question 7

What are some reasons EL people leave their homeland?

Answer 7

economic, social, family, religious, and political