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AB Transition Block > ECG Abnormalities > Flashcards

ECG Abnormalities Flashcards

1
Q

what is a supraventricular rhythm?

A

one that originates above the AV node, whether conducted through it or not

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2
Q

what is characteristic of a supraventricular rhythm?

A

narrow QRS complex (<3 small squares)

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3
Q

characteristics on ECG of sinus rhythm?

A

P wave followed by a QRS
QRS followed by a P wave
PR interval <200ms

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4
Q

what allows for contraction in sinus rhythm?

A

SA node depolarises, causing atria to contract
delay to conduct to AV node (PR interval)
ventricles contract

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5
Q

characteristics of ECG in sinus arrhythmia?

A

P wave followed by a QRS
QRS followed by a P wave
PR interval <200ms
irregular rhythm

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6
Q

what can cause sinus arrhythmia?

A

respiration

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7
Q

characteristics on ECG of AFib?

A

irregularly irregular QRS complexes
no P waves
ragged baseline

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8
Q

what happens to the conduction in AFib?

A

disorganised electrical activity

AV node receiving continuous impulses, conducting some of them

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9
Q

difference between AFib and atrial flutter?

A

AFib is irregular atrial contraction

atrial flutter is regular, but faster than ventricles

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10
Q

characteristics of ECG of atrial flutter?

A 
regular QRS complexes
rate divisible into 300
f waves (saw tooth baseline)
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11
Q

leads best to see saw tooth baseline?

what condition is this characteristic of?

A

V1 and lead II

atrial flutter

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12
Q

what happens to cause a junctional rhythm?

A

origin of electrical impulse is the AV node as opposed to SA
atria and ventricles simultaneously receive the impulse

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13
Q

characteristics of junctional rhythm ECG?

A

regular rhythm
normal QRS
no antegrade P wave, retrograde before ST segment and inverted

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14
Q

what is a supraventricular tachycardia?

A

tachycardia that is generated involving th AV node or above

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15
Q

ECG characteristics of a supraventricular tachycardia?

A

regular
tachycardia
narrow complex QRS
often no clear P waves

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16
Q

ECG characteristics of a supraventricular ectopic?

A

regular
occurs on beats 3, 6, 9 etc..
P wave morphology differs

17
Q

what happens to cause a ventricular premature complex?

A

ventricles contract before they should

18
Q

what rhythm is assoc with haemodynamic compromise?

A

ventricular tachycardia

19
Q

ECG characteristics of ventricular tachycardia?

A

regular broad complex tachycardia

QRS >120ms

20
Q

what is ventricular fibrillation clinically associated with?

A

loss of consciousness

Hx of MI

21
Q

ECG changes of ventricular fibrillation?

A

irregular random baseline

no clear waveforms

22
Q

what can cause poor R wave progression?

A

LV failure

failure to remove bra

23
Q

what happens to cause heart block?

A

block in conduction between the atria and ventricles due to a problem with the AV node

24
Q

what can cause damage to the AV node?

A

ischaemia
drugs
age

25
Q

features of 1st degree heart block ECG?

A

fixed broad PR interval

stable length of PR interval

26
Q

Tx of 1st degree heart block?

A

none, can be normal

27
Q

ECG features of Mobitz type 1 heart block?

A

elongation of PR interval then a dropped beat

28
Q

Tx of Mobitz type 1 heart block?

A

may be normal in young, investigate in elderly

29
Q

ECG features of Mobitz type 2 heart block?

A

constant PR interval

every other P wave has no QRS

30
Q

which 2nd degree heart block is abnormal?

A

Mobitz type 2

31
Q

ECG features of third degree heart block?

A

no relationship between P and QRS

ventricular escape rhythm

32
Q

what is an escaped beat?

A

late beat from AV node

33
Q

what is an ectopic beat?

A

early beat

34
Q

what can cause pericarditis?

A

post MI
viral
bacterial

35
Q

ECG changes in an MI?

A

upward concave ST elevation
PR depression
widespread in >1 vascular territory

36
Q

what does non specific inter-ventricular conduction delay show on ECG?

A

broad QRS that does not exhibit LBBB/RBBB

37
Q

two types of VT?

A

monomorphic

polymorphic

38
Q

what happens in monomorphic VT?

A

scar is in ventricles from MI
used for electrical impulse
regular rhythm as always same length of travel

39
Q

another name for polymorphic VT?

A

torsades des pointes

AB Transition Block (5 decks)

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