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Do The Boards Right > ECG > Flashcards

ECG Flashcards

1
Q

What does the p wave show

A

Atrial depolarization

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2
Q

What do PVCs do to the p wave

A

No p wave

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3
Q

What does a p wave look like in V tach

A

No p wave

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4
Q

What does a p wave look like in atrial arrhythmias

A

Abnormal or not identifiable

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5
Q

What does the p wave look like with hyperkalemia

A

Flattened

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6
Q

Which nutrient imbalance causes flattened p waves

A

Hyperkalemia

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7
Q

What does the PR interval show

A

Time for impulse to go from atria to conduction system to purkinje fibers

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8
Q

What does the QRS wave show

A

Ventricular depolarization

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9
Q

What does the QRS wave look like in PVC

A

Wide and premature

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10
Q

What does the QRS wave look like in v tach

A

Wide and bizarre

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11
Q

What does the QRS wave look like in v fib

A

No QRS

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12
Q

What does the QRS wave look like in hyperkalemia

A

Wide

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13
Q

What does the QRS wave look like in hypercalcemia

A

Wide

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14
Q

What does the QRS wave look like on antiarrhythmic agents

A

Prolonged QRS

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15
Q

What does the QRS wave look like in healthy individuals with exercise

A

Decreased R wave

Increased Q wave

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16
Q

Which nutrient imbalance causes the widening on the QRS wave

A

Hyperkalemia hypercalcemia

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17
Q

Which medication has a side effect of prolonging QRS

A

Antiarrhythmic agents

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18
Q

What does the ST segment indicate

A

The interval between depolarization and repolarization

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19
Q

What does the ST segment look like during coronary perfusion

A

Depression

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20
Q

What does the ST segment look like during hypothermia

A

Elevation

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21
Q

What does the ST segment look like on digitalis

A

Depression

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22
Q

What does the ST segment look like in the MI zone of injury

A

Elevated

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23
Q

What does the ST segment look like during exercise in a healthy individual

A

<1mm change

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24
Q

What does a less than 1mm change in ST segment signify with exercise?

A

Healthy

25
Q

What does a greater than 1mm change in ST segment signify with exercise?

A

MI

26
Q

Which medication may cause ST segment depression?

A

Digitalis

27
Q

What does the T wave signify

A

Ventricular repolarization

28
Q

What happens to the T wave with hyperkalemia

A

Peaked

29
Q

What happens to the T wave with hypokalemia

A

Flattened/ inverted

30
Q

What happens to the T wave on digitalis

A

Flattened

31
Q

What happens to the T wave on quinidine

A

Flattened

32
Q

What happens to the T wave in the MI zone of ischemia

A

Inverted

33
Q

Which nutrient imbalance causes T wave peaking

A

Hyperkalemia

34
Q

Which nutrient imbalance causes T wave flattening/ inversion

A

Hypokalemia

35
Q

Which medication may causes T wave flattening

A

Digitalis and quinidine

36
Q

What does the QT interval indicate

A

Time for electrical systole

37
Q

What effect does hypercalcemia have on the QT interval

A

Shorten

38
Q

What effect does hypocalcemia have on the QT interval

A

Prolonged

39
Q

What effect does digitalis have on QT interval

A

Shortened

40
Q

What effect does quinidine have on QT interval

A

Lengthened

41
Q

What effect do antiarrhythmic agents have on QT interval

A

Prolonged

42
Q

What effect does exercise have on QT interval in healthy individuals

A

Shorten

43
Q

Which drug prolongs QT intervals

A

Antiarrhythmic agents

44
Q

Which drug shortens QT intervals

A

Digitalis

45
Q

Which drug lengthens the QT interval

A

Quinidine

46
Q

What are the PVC emergencies

A 
>6 per minute 
Paired PVC
Sequential runs 
Multi focal
Very early
47
Q

What will you observe in the ECG of a patient in the zone of MI infarction

A

Q wave

48
Q

What will you observe in the ECG of a patient in the zone of MI injury

A

Elevated ST segment

49
Q

What will you observe in the ECG of a patient in the zone of MI ischemia

A

T wave inversion

50
Q

What will you observe in the ECG of a patient with transmural MI

A

Q wave or ST segment elevation

51
Q

What will you observe in the ECG of a patient with nontransmural MI

A

Non Q wave, non ST elevation

52
Q

Changes in the anterior wall are seen on

A

V1-V6

53
Q

Changes in the arteroseptal are seen on

A

V1-V2

54
Q

Changes in the anteroapical are seen on

A

V3-V4

55
Q

Changes in the anterolateral are seen on

A

V5-V6, I, aVL

56
Q

Changes in the lateral wall are seen on

A

Leads I and aVL

57
Q

Changes in the inferior wall are seen on

A

II, III, aVF

58
Q

Changes in the posterior wall are seen on

A

Not usually seen on an ECG but V7-9

59
Q

Arrhythmias with age

A

Longer PR and QT intervals

Wider QRS

Do The Boards Right (18 decks)

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