ECG

Question 1

What leads correspond to anteroseptal view and what artery supplies it

Answer 1

V1-V4 - left anterior descending

Question 2

What leads correspond to inferior view and what artery supplies it

Answer 2

II, III, aVG - right coronary artery

Question 3

What leads correspond to anteolateral and what artery supplies it

Answer 3

V4-V6, I, aVL - left anterior descending or left circumflex

Question 4

What leads correspond to lateral view and what artery supplies it

Answer 4

I, aVL, V5-6 - left circumflex

Question 5

How many seconds in a small square

Answer 5

0.04 seonds

Question 6

What represents a positive deflection

Answer 6

When the electrical activity of the heart travels towards a lead

Question 7

What represents a negative deflection

Answer 7

When the electrical activity travels away from a lead

Question 8

What happens if R wave > S wave

Answer 8

Depolarisation moving towards lead

Question 9

What happens if S wave > R wave

Answer 9

Depolarisation moving away from that lead

Question 10

Normal cardiac axis

Answer 10

Overall direction of electrical activity towards leads I, II, and III

Question 11

Right axis deviation

Answer 11

Right ventricular hypertrophy

Lead I to become more negative and lead III to be positive

Question 12

Left axis deviation

Answer 12

Lead I to be more positive and deflection in III to be negative

Question 13

What is P waves are absent and there is an irregular rhythm

Answer 13

AF

Question 14

What is the normal PR interval

Answer 14

3-5 small squares

120-200 milliseconds

Question 15

What occurs in prolonged AR

Answer 15

First degree heart block (SAN->AV)

Question 16

What is the ECG sign for Mobitz T1

Answer 16

PR interval slowly increases then there is a dropped QRS complex

Question 17

What is the ECG sign for Mobitz T2

Answer 17

If PR interval is fixed but there are dropped beat

Question 18

What is the ECG sign for third degree heart block

Answer 18

If P waves and QRS complex unrelated

Question 19

Where is first degree heart block

Answer 19

Between SAN and AVN

Question 20

Where is second degree heart block

Answer 20

I: occurs in AV node, II: occurs after AV node in bundle of His or Purkinje fibres

Question 21

Where is third degree heartblock

Answer 21

Occurs anywhere from AV node down (complete heartblock)

Question 22

How to diagnose Wolff Parkinson White Syndrome

Answer 22

Delta wave and tachyarrhythmia

Question 23

What is the normal width of the QRS complex

Answer 23

Under 0.12 seconds (can be atrial ectopic)

Question 24

What is abnormal width for QRS complex

Answer 24

Over 0.12 seconds (abnormal ventricular depolarisation or bundle branch block)

Question 25

What is normal height for QRS

Answer 25

Small - less than 5mm in limb leads or les than 10mm in chest leads)

Question 26

When should RS transition begin

Answer 26

Transition from S>R to R>S waves should occur in V3 or V4.

Question 27

What does poor RS transition indicate

Answer 27

Previous MI

Question 28

What is the J point

Answer 28

S waves joins the ST segment

Question 29

What is ST elevation

Answer 29

Greater than 1mm in 2 or more contiguous limb leads, or over 2mm in 2 or more chest leads. MI

Question 30

What is ST depression

Answer 30

Over 0.5mm in over 2 contiguous leads indicates myocardial ischaemia

Question 31

What are tall T waves

Answer 31

Over 5mm in limb leads and over 10mm in chest leads | Hyperkalameia/hyperacute STEMI

Question 32

What are inverted T waves

Answer 32

Normally inverted in V1 and III inversion is normal Otherwise: Ischaemia, BBB, PE, left ventricular hypertrophy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Question 33

What is V4-V6 T wave inversion

Answer 33

LBBB

Question 34

What is V1-V3 T wave inversion

Answer 34

RBBB

Question 35

What are biphasic T waves a sign of

Answer 35

Ischaemia and hypokalaemia

Question 36

What are flattened T waves a sign of

Answer 36

Ischaemia or electrolyte blanace

Question 37

What are U waves

Answer 37

Over 0.5mm deflection after T wave in V2 or V3 | Electrolyte imbalance, hypothermia, or antiarrhythmic therpay (digoxin, procainamide or amiodarone)

Question 38

What leads correspond to posterior view and what artery supplies it

Answer 38

Tall T waves in V1 or V2 and left circumflex/right coronary