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Supporting Life > ECG > Flashcards

ECG Flashcards

1
Q

What leads correspond to anteroseptal view and what artery supplies it

A

V1-V4 - left anterior descending

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2
Q

What leads correspond to inferior view and what artery supplies it

A

II, III, aVG - right coronary artery

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3
Q

What leads correspond to anteolateral and what artery supplies it

A

V4-V6, I, aVL - left anterior descending or left circumflex

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4
Q

What leads correspond to lateral view and what artery supplies it

A

I, aVL, V5-6 - left circumflex

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5
Q

How many seconds in a small square

A

0.04 seonds

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6
Q

What represents a positive deflection

A

When the electrical activity of the heart travels towards a lead

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7
Q

What represents a negative deflection

A

When the electrical activity travels away from a lead

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8
Q

What happens if R wave > S wave

A

Depolarisation moving towards lead

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9
Q

What happens if S wave > R wave

A

Depolarisation moving away from that lead

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10
Q

Normal cardiac axis

A

Overall direction of electrical activity towards leads I, II, and III

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11
Q

Right axis deviation

A

Right ventricular hypertrophy

Lead I to become more negative and lead III to be positive

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12
Q

Left axis deviation

A

Lead I to be more positive and deflection in III to be negative

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13
Q

What is P waves are absent and there is an irregular rhythm

A

AF

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14
Q

What is the normal PR interval

A

3-5 small squares

120-200 milliseconds

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15
Q

What occurs in prolonged AR

A

First degree heart block (SAN->AV)

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16
Q

What is the ECG sign for Mobitz T1

A

PR interval slowly increases then there is a dropped QRS complex

17
Q

What is the ECG sign for Mobitz T2

A

If PR interval is fixed but there are dropped beat

18
Q

What is the ECG sign for third degree heart block

A

If P waves and QRS complex unrelated

19
Q

Where is first degree heart block

A

Between SAN and AVN

20
Q

Where is second degree heart block

A

I: occurs in AV node, II: occurs after AV node in bundle of His or Purkinje fibres

21
Q

Where is third degree heartblock

A

Occurs anywhere from AV node down (complete heartblock)

22
Q

How to diagnose Wolff Parkinson White Syndrome

A

Delta wave and tachyarrhythmia

23
Q

What is the normal width of the QRS complex

A

Under 0.12 seconds (can be atrial ectopic)

24
Q

What is abnormal width for QRS complex

A

Over 0.12 seconds (abnormal ventricular depolarisation or bundle branch block)

25
Q

What is normal height for QRS

A

Small - less than 5mm in limb leads or les than 10mm in chest leads)

26
Q

When should RS transition begin

A

Transition from S>R to R>S waves should occur in V3 or V4.

27
Q

What does poor RS transition indicate

A

Previous MI

28
Q

What is the J point

A

S waves joins the ST segment

29
Q

What is ST elevation

A

Greater than 1mm in 2 or more contiguous limb leads, or over 2mm in 2 or more chest leads. MI

30
Q

What is ST depression

A

Over 0.5mm in over 2 contiguous leads indicates myocardial ischaemia

31
Q

What are tall T waves

A

Over 5mm in limb leads and over 10mm in chest leads

Hyperkalameia/hyperacute STEMI

32
Q

What are inverted T waves

A

Normally inverted in V1 and III inversion is normal
Otherwise:
Ischaemia, BBB, PE, left ventricular hypertrophy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

33
Q

What is V4-V6 T wave inversion

A

LBBB

34
Q

What is V1-V3 T wave inversion

A

RBBB

35
Q

What are biphasic T waves a sign of

A

Ischaemia and hypokalaemia

36
Q

What are flattened T waves a sign of

A

Ischaemia or electrolyte blanace

37
Q

What are U waves

A

Over 0.5mm deflection after T wave in V2 or V3

Electrolyte imbalance, hypothermia, or antiarrhythmic therpay (digoxin, procainamide or amiodarone)

38
Q

What leads correspond to posterior view and what artery supplies it

A

Tall T waves in V1 or V2 and left circumflex/right coronary

Supporting Life (14 decks)

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