ECG Flashcards
ST elevation
2 adjacent leads
More than 2 mm in chest leads
Rate
300/big blocks or
1500/small blocks
Anterior leads
V1 to V6
Lateral leads
I, aVR, aVL, V5, V6
Interior leads
II, III, aVF
Atrioventricular re-entrant tachycardia (AVNRT)
narrow QRS tachy no P waves REGULAR 140-280 bpm. Treat with vagal manoevers, adenosine, calcium channel blockers, beta blockers and amiodarone.
WPW
Deltawaves (slurred initial part of QRS)
AV re-entrant tachy
AVRT
Q waves
pathological in V1/2/3
Treatment VT
Oxygen
Amiodarone
DC cardioversion
Long QT caused by:
low potassium/magnesium/calcium/temperature or raised intracranial pressure.
VF treatment
SHOCK
Amiodarone
Adrenaline
Causes of LBBB
AS Dilated heart ACS Coronary artery disease Long standing hypertension Lyme disease
Posterior leads
mirror ant
V1-V6 ST depression.
Tall R wave.
RBBB
cor pulmonale pulmonary embolism IHD rheumatif myocarditis/cardiomyopathy.
Causes of type 1 2nd heart block
block at AV node
Drugs
Interior MI
causes of 3rd degree heart block
inferior MI
AVN blocking drugs.
Anterior ischaemia
ST depression in anterior leads and t wave inversion.
Old anterior MI
Q waves in V1, V2, V3
Absent R waves in V1 and V2.
Sick sinus syndrome
abnormal SA node
bradycardia and insufficiency.
sinus- brady then arrhythmia then arrest.
Causes of sick sinus syndrome
medication
autonomic dysfunction
hypothyroidism
high potassium.
Parastole
second pacemaker works with SA node.
Pulmonary embolism
sinus tachy.
RBBB
S1, Q3, T3.
T wave inversion in V1-V4.
Atrial bigeminy
every other QRS has atrial ectopic
Ventricular bigemini
every other beat is a ventricular ectopic.
Ventricular trigemini
every third beat is ectopic.
