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BIO1210 > EC People > Flashcards

EC People Flashcards

1
Q

William Harvey (1628)

A

First person to correctly blood’s circulation in body.

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2
Q

He showed arteries and veins form a complete circuit that starts at the heart and leads back to the heart.

A

Harvey (1628)

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3
Q

Hooke (1665)

A

Discovered cells leading to classical cell theory

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4
Q

Studied cork cells under microscope and discovered cells

A

Hooke (1665)

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5
Q

Redi (1668)

A

Demonstrated presence of maggots in meat results from eggs laid on meat by flies

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6
Q

Dead maggots or flies would not generate new flies when placed on rotting meat in sealed jar, whereas live maggots or flies would

A

Redi (1668)

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7
Q

Leeuwenhoek (1673)

A

Made observations on stings of bees, mouthparts, louse and a fungus

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8
Q

First to see single-cell organisms, discovering spermatozoa and bacteria

A

Leeuwenhoek (1673)

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9
Q

Linnaeus (1735)

A

Worked in taxonomy, science of identifying, naming and classifying organisms

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10
Q

Created binomial system- naming plants and animals

A

Linnaeus (1735)

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11
Q

Galvani (1781)

A

Father of electrophysiology

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12
Q

Proposed animal electricity is secreted by the brain and distributed through the inner core of the nerves to the muscles

A

Galvani (1781)

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13
Q

Jenner (1796)

A

Had contribution to immunization and ultimate eradication of smallpox

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14
Q

Lamarck (1809)

A

Published series of books on invertebrate zoology and paleontology

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14
Q

Saved millions of people with smallpox vaccine

A

Jenner (1796)

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15
Q

Figured that any change to an individual during its lifetime would be passed directly to its offspring

A

Lamarck (1809)

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16
Q

Cuvier (1825)

A

Classified animals into 4 branches

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17
Q

Discovered extinction, and that series of catastrophic events could explains changes in earth’s surface

A

Cuvier (1825)

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18
Q

Schleiden, Schwann
(1838, 1839)

A

Founding of cell theory

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19
Q

Defined cell as basic unit of plant and animal structure

A

Schleiden, Schwann
(1838, 1839)

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20
Q

Virchow (1858)

A

Argued that idea of spontaneous generation must be rejected in pathology

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21
Q

Observed that organism does not get sick only certain cells or groups of cells

A

Virchow (1858)

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22
Q

Darwin, Wallace
(1859)

A

Evolution and natural selection

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23
Q

DIscovered mechanism of natural selection for evolutionary change

A

Darwin, Wallace
(1859)

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24
Q

Pasteur (1865)

A

Developed practices for preventing disease in silkworm eggs with pasteurization

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25
Q

Invented process of pasteurization

A

Pasteur (1865)

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26
Q

Mendel (1866)

A

Deducared genes come in pairs and are inherited as distinct units, one from each parent

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27
Q

Discovered celebrated laws of hereditary

A

Mendel (1866)

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28
Q

Koch (1882)

A

Published article Etiology of Tuberculosis

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29
Q

Discovered cause of tuberculosis

A

Koch (1882)

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30
Q

Morgan (1910)

A

Discovered Drosophila mutant

31
Q

Discovered first localization of a specific gene to a particular chromosome

A

Morgan (1910)

32
Q

Fleming (1928)

A

Worked on culture of disease-causing bacteria

33
Q

Discovered penicillin

A

Fleming (1928)

34
Q

Krebs (1937)

A

Discovered urea cycle and citric acid cycle chemical reactions in the body

35
Q

Father of cellular respiration

A

Krebs (1937)

36
Q

Beadle, Tatum (1940)

A

Proved that mold to x-rays led to definite changes in enzyme formation

37
Q

Proved genetic code govern formation of enzymes

A

Beadle, Tatum (1940)

38
Q

Calvin, Benson (1945)

A

Discovered that dark photosynthetic reactions are impelled by compounds produced in light reactions that occur on absorption of light by chlorophyll to yield Oxygen

39
Q

Discovered “Calvin cycle”

A

Calvin, Benson (1945)

40
Q

McClintock (1950)

A

Discovered meiotic chromosome crossovers, relationship to recombination of genetic traits, existence of chromosomal rearrangements and breakage fusion-bridge cycle

41
Q

Worked on mobile genetic elements

A

McClintock (1950)

42
Q

Hershey, Chase (1952)

A

Infected bacteria with radioactive viruses then mixed solution in blender- confirmed DNA’s orle as primary genetic material

43
Q

Demonstrated DNA was transferred from bacteriophages to bacteria

A

Hershey, Chase (1952)

44
Q

Watson, Crick,
Franklin (1953)

A

Obtained images of DNA using x-ray and created 2-strand double-helix model

45
Q

Reached conclusion DNA molecules exists in form of 3-dimensional double helix

A

Watson, Crick,
Franklin (1953)

46
Q

Miller, Urey (1953)

A

Proved origin of life on planet Earth had occured because of chemical conditions or through Abiogenesis

47
Q

1st evidence organic molecules needed for life could be formed by inorganic components

A

Miller, Urey (1953)

48
Q

Pauling (1954)

A

Proposed structure for deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA

49
Q

Discovered molecular basis of sickle-cell anemia

A

Pauling (1954)

50
Q

Salk (1954)

A

Announced polio vaccine

51
Q

First to devise and implement safe and effective vaccine against polio

A

Salk (1954)

52
Q

Meselson,
Stahl (1958)

A

Technique with density gradient centrifugation

53
Q

Proved that DNA is replicated semi-conservatively

A

Meselson,
Stahl (1958)

54
Q

Jacob, Monod (1961)

A

Said collection of structural genes could be regulated in a coordinated fashion

55
Q

Proved genetic info is converted during formation of proteins by means of messenger

A

Jacob, Monod (1961)

56
Q

Carson (1962)

A

Documented adverse environmental effects caused by indiscriminate use of pesticides

57
Q

Wrote book Silent Spring

A

Carson (1962)

58
Q

Margulis (1970)

A

States that bacteria played a major role in development of living cells

59
Q

Developed symbiotic theory

A

Margulis (1970)

60
Q

Cohen, Boyer (1973)

A

Spurred birth of biotech, developing techniques that formed basis of recombinant DNA tech

61
Q

Created recombinant DNA molecules

A

Cohen, Boyer (1973)

62
Q

Woese (1977)

A

Discovered archaebacteria

63
Q

Discovered 3rd domain of life by phylogenetic taxonomy

A

Woese (1977)

64
Q

Mitchell (1978)

A

Understood biological energy transfer

65
Q

Biological energy transfer thru formulation of chemiosmotic theory

A

Mitchell (1978)

66
Q

Blaese,
Anderson, Culver (1990)

A

Discovered gene therapy

67
Q

Wilmut (1996)

A

Generated polly

67
Q

Gene editing and gene therapy with first human gene therapy experiment in 1990

A

Blaese,
Anderson, Culver (1990)

68
Q

Poll dorset clone made from nuclear transfer using fetal fibroblast nucleus genetically engineered to express a human gene known as FIX

A

Wilmut (1996)

69
Q

Human Genome Project (2003)

A

Generated first sequence of human genome

70
Q

Produced genome sequence that accounted for over 90% of human genome

A

Human Genome Project (2003)

71
Q

Venter (2010)

A

First synthetic genome-driven cell came

72
Q

Creation of Bacterial Cell controlled by chemically synthesized genome, mycoplasma mycoides

A

Venter (2010)

73
Q

Doudna,
Charpentier (2012)

A

DNA manipulation with CRISPR-Cas9 system- genetic scissors

74
Q

Made key discoveries in field of DNA manipulation

A

Doudna,
Charpentier (2012)

BIO1210 (5 decks)

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