EC-6 FlashCards
Capillary Action
Capillary Action
The method that plants use to transport various materials within themselves.
Body systems
digestive circulatory respiratory excretory endocrine nervous reproductive skin muscular nervous skeletal
Capital
Capital
Is accumulated asset such as cash or goods available for investment in order to produce income.
Cardiovascular endurance
It promotes the efficient exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide at lung and tissue levels
Cells
Basic structure of living things that represent the primary level of organization in multicellular organism.
Check and Balances
The idea that abuse of power is controlled by the three branches of government watching each other and having the power to approve or disapprove certain actions of the other branches.
Chemical Energy
The energy that occurs as a result of the bonds of chemicals. An excellent source of chemical energy is food.
Choral Reading
It takes place when a group of students or the entire class reads out loud.
Circumference
Circumference is the distance around a circle. Circumference is used with closed curves like circles and ellipses, while perimeter is used for polygons and other figures. This distance is equal to Pi times the diameter of the circle. PI is a number that is approximately 3.14159.
Classification system for living things.
Classification system for living things
Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species.
Closure of sets
A set is closed under a given operation if when the operation is performed on any two members; the result gives a member of the same set.
Example: The set of a natural number is closed under the operation of addition or multiplication. The set of natural numbers is not closed under the operation of subtraction (3 – 8) or division (23/22)
Cognition
Cognition
Refers to thinking; gaining concepts, ideas, and other language components
Cognitive process
Cognitive process
It refers to the ways of processing information and developing self-awareness as it relates to the exploration of the environment though movement, sight, sound, and taste.
Commutative property of addition
Commutative property of addition
a + b = b + a
Commutative property of multiplication
Commutative property of multiplication
a x b = b x a
Complement of a set
Complement of a set
The complement of a set are the elements in the universal set, but not in the original set A.
Complementary angles
Complementary angles
Two angles whose measures add to a total of 90 degrees.
Composer
Composer
A person who writes music.
Composite number
Composite number
A composite number that is not a prime number, thus it is divisible by another number other that itself and one. Thus it has more than two factores.
Comprehension
Comprehension
Understanding the meaning of spoken language and written language often through the use of taxonomy such as Bloom’s.
Congruent figures
Congruent figures
Two figures are congruent if they have the same shape and size.
Cottage industry
Cottage industry
An industry where the creation of products and services is home based, carried on by family members. It is not factory-based.
Crescendo
Crescendo
A musical symbol to direct the performer to smoothly increase the volume in a musical passage.
Critical listening
Critical listening
Used to understand and evaluate the content of what someone is saying.
Cultural diffusion
Cultural diffusion
Spread of ideas, technology, religion, language and other cultural practices over time and across space.
Culture
Culture
The system of shared beliefs, values, customs, attitudes, meanings, hierarchies, religion, roles, and material objects and possessions acquired by a group of people in the course of generations through individual and group striving.
Demographic Data
Demographic Data
Statistics about the numbers and characteristics of people living in an area.
Desert
Deserts are characterized y generally high temeratures (although they may be cold during the nights and winters), low precipitation, and many adaptations to drought conditions.
Dialogic reading
Refers to the conversations between a teacher and students about a story that has just been read.
Diseases
Are abnormal conditions of the body or mind that cause discomfort or distress to a body part, and organ, or the entiresystem.
Disjoint
Disjoint sets do not have any common elements.
Domestic
Concerning the internal affairs of a nation (such as tax rate, highway construction, homeland security, etc.)
Drop Everything and Read (DEAR)
An identified period of independent silent reading experienced by all learners, including the teacher.
Earth’s atmosphere
Listed from earth up:
Troposphere
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Ionosphere
Thermosphere
Electrical Energy
Energy that occurs as a direct result of moving electric charges.
Emergent literacy
It refers to children’s believes about experiences with reading and writing prior to formal instruction.
Equality
Term used to denote whether two numerical values are the same.
Equation
An equation is a statement where two expressions are equal. A specific value(s) can be determined for the variable in the equation.
Equilateral
An equilateral triangle has three sides of equal length and three angles of equal degrees (60 degrees).
Evaluative comprehension
It refers to the ability to use critical thinking skills, logical analysis, and aesthetic considerations to evaluate a text.
Export
Goods that are sent or transported oversees for sale or trade.
Expository text
It refers to informational books. Focus on educating its reader. Is clear, concise, and organized writing.
Expression
The result of adding, subtracting, multiplying, dividing (except by zero) on any combination of variables or constants as well as raising to powers and taking roots. An equal sign does not exist. A specific value cannot be determined for the variable in the expression.
Federalism
The idea that power is divided by the Constitution between the federal (central and national), government and the state governments. The Constitution, treaties, and federal laws are the supreme law of the land. Some powers are delegated to the federal government, others are reserved for the state governments, and other powers are concurrent (shared) by both state and national government.
Five kingdoms
Animal, plants, Protista (viruses and slime molds), monera (bacteria and algae), and fungi.
Fluency
The ability to read text-sources with speed, accuracy, voice expression, and adequate comprehension.
Forms of energy
Kinetic, potential, thermal or heat energy, chemical energy, electrical, electrochemical, electromagnetic (light), sound, nuclear.
Free-enterprise economic system
The system in the U.S. and other free market economies. Freedom of private business to organize and operate for profit in a competitive system without interference by government beyond regulation necessary to protect public interest and keep the national economy in balance.
Fundamental basic skills
Three categories of skills (locomotors, nonlocomotor, and body management) that help us function in our environment.
Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic
Every composite number can be expressed as a unique product of prime numbers.
Glaciers
Glaciers,
Large deposits of the ice (sometimes many miles across) that can move across an area leaving deep gashes in the earth.
Grapheme
Grapheme
It refers to the letter or letters that represent a phoneme. For example, the word “ball” consists of three graphemes: a “b” for the /b/ sound, an “a” for the /a/ sound, and an “ll” for the /l/ sound.
Graphemes can consist of one to four letters. We need to teach graphemes so that children recognize them when they need to decode an unfamiliar word.
Graphical organizer
Graphical organizer
A visual representation of textual content; it is used to show the relationships between concepts in a text, to relate new concepts to familiar ones, or to assist comprehension in other ways.
Graphophomemic knowledge
Graphophomemic knowledge
It refers to knowledge about specific relationships between graphemes and phonemes; that is, between letters and sounds.
Guided reading
Guided reading
The teacher explains the purpose for reading a particular text as well as the structure for he how to respond to what is read.
Horizontal asymptote
Horizontal asymptote
A horizontal asymptote is the horizontal line that is graph approaches as he absolute value of x gets a larger without bound. Different from the vertical asymptote, the graph may cross a horizontal asymptote. Horizontal asymptote are formed in two ways from a rational function. When the degree of the numerator is less that the degree of the denominator.
Imaginative process
Imaginative process
It refers to the use of creative drawing, painting, collage, photography, and other forms of art forms to help explore the possibility of understanding the world through its images and symbols.
Immigration patterns
Immigration patterns
Routes of human movement where groups of people enter and settle in a country or region to which they are not native.
Import
Import
Goods brought in from a foreign contry for sales or trade.
Important 18th. Century documents
Important 18th. Century documents
The American political system is grounded in two important 18th century documents, the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution.
Export
Export
Goods brought in from a foreign country for sale or trade.
Industrialization
Industrialization
The process of organizing the production of goods for sales, especially in a factory or a special area setting.
Inferential comprehension
Inferential comprehension
It refers to the understanding of information that is not explicitly given but rather implied in a written passage.
Inquiry teaching
Inquiry teaching
Teachers ask and then help students answer questions by proposing hypotheses, gathering and evaluationg data, and generating conclusions. It is essential to the development f critical thinking. In Social Studies instruction, inquiry teaching becomes increasingly important in helping students solve problems and make decision about real-life issues.
Integers
Integers
Are the numbers… -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3… These are the natural numbers together with their negative and Zeros.
Intersection of sets
The set contains all the elements that are members of both set A and set B intersection is symbolized A Ç B. The word and is associated with the intersection.
Interval notation
Interval notation is a simplified form of writing intervals by using parenthesis and brackets Ʊshow whether the endpoints are included. The inequality x < 3 written in interval notation is (-∞ ,3) whereas the inequality x£ 3 written in interval notation is (-∞ ,3].
Invented Spelling
Invented Spelling
Young students write words the way the words sound. An example would be a first grade student spelling was as “wuz” and kitty as “kti”.
Irrational numbers
The set of numbers within rhe real numbers when expressed in decimal form will be nonterminating and nonrepresenting decimal numbers.
Example: {- √3, √2,π √5}
Isosceles triangle
An Isosceles triangle has two sides of equal length and two angles of equal degrees.
Key Signature
Key Signature
The sharp, flat, or natural signs placed at the beginning of musical piece that indicates tonality in a musical composition.
Kinetic energy
Kinetic energy
The energy of an object in motion.
Landform
Landforms
Features that make up the earth’s surface such as a plain, mountain, or valley.
A landform is a natural feature of the Earth’s surface. Landforms together make up a given terrain, and their arrangement on the landscape or the study of same is known as topography. Typical landforms include hills, mountains, plateaus, canyons, valleys, as well as shoreline features such as bays, peninsulas, and seas, including submerged features such as mid-ocean ridges, volcanoes, and the great ocean basins.
LEA
LEA
Language Experience Approach is a commonly used instructional method that integrates oral and written language skills.
Leading coefficient
Leading coefficient
The leading coefficient of a polynomial is the coefficient in front of the term with the greatest degree. In the polynomial (4x³ + 5x – 9), 4 is the leading coefficient.
Light energy
Light energy
The energy that occurs as a result of light.
Line of Symmetry
Line of Symmetry
A figure has a line of symmetry if it is possible to fold the figure over a line drawn on its interior in such a way that half of the figure folds exactly onto the other half.
Line
Line
An element of art which refers to the continues mark made on some surface by a moving point.
Literal comprehension
Literal comprehension
It refers to the understanding of information that is explicit stated in a written passage.
Locomotor skills
Locomotor skills
Movement such as walking, running, hopping, jumping, and so forth that move the body from one pace to another.
Logarithm
Logarithm
A logarithm is an exponent loga x is the power to which the base a most be raised to obtain x.
In mathematics, the logarithm of a number is the exponent to which another fixed value, the base, must be raised to produce that number. For example, the logarithm of 1000 to base 10 is 3, because 10 to the power 3 is 1000: 1000 = 10 × 10 × 10 = 103.
Manipulatives
Manipulatives(chips, Cusinaire, rods, dice, play, money, etc.)
Use of these manipulatives helps teachers move children from the concrete through the abstract stages of reasoning necessary for learning higher-level mathematical concepts.
Mechanical energy
Mechanical energy is the sum of kinectic energy and potential energy of an object.
Medium
Medium
The material or technique used by an artist to produce a work of art. The plural form is media.
Melody
Melody
The pitches put together to form a musical piece that is recognizable.
Migration patterns
Migration patterns
Routes of movement of persons from one country or locality to another or of animals (especially birds or fishes) from one region to another for feeding or breeding.
Mohs scale
Mohs scale
Rates of hardness of rock.
The Mohs scale of mineral hardness is a qualitative ordinal scale which characterizes the scratch resistance of various minerals through the ability of a harder material to scratch a softer material.
Mood
Mood
The feeling a piece of music creates for the listener.
Morphology
Morphology
Is the set of rules for combining sounds into meaningful units. The smallest units of meaning in a language are called morphemes.
Mutually exclusive events
Mutually exclusive events
Two events that cannot occur simultaneously in probability are called mutually exclusive.
Natural numbers
Natural numbers
Also, called the set of counting numbers or the positive integers{ 1, 2, 3, 4…}
Nonlocomotor skills
Nonlocomotor skills
Movements such as twisting, stretching, pushing, bending, performed without appreciable body movement from place to place.
Nullify
Nullify
To declare something to be without power or effect; to disregard the power of something.
Oblique (slant) asymptote
Oblique (slant) asymptote
An oblique asymptote is a non vertical and non horizontal line that graph approaches as the absolute value of x gets larger without bound. Oblique asymptotes are formed when the degree of the numerator is larger than the degree of the denominator. In the rational function, use synthetic division omitting the remainder to determine the oblique asymptote (y = x + 1).
Odds
Odds
The ratio of the probability that an event will occur to the probability that it will not occur.
Organ systems
Organ systems
Group of organs that work together to perform specific functions.
Organs
Organs
Group of tissues that perform specific functions
Parallelogram
Parallelogram
In a parallelogram, both pairs of opposite sides are parallel.
Also, both pairs of opposite sides are equal in length.
Parliament
Parliament
The law-making assembly in Great Britain(England) and other parliamentary democracies.
Percent
Percent
A percent is a ratio that compares a number to 100. You can write a percent with the percent with the percent symbol or as a fraction or decimal. For example, you can write 40% as 40/100 or as .40.
Perimeter
Perimeter
The perimeter of a polygon is the sum of the lengths of all its sides.
Phonics
Phonics
Using letters and the sounds of letters to pronounce a word.
Phonology
Phonology is the study of how sounds are organized and used in a natural languages. It is just one of several aspects of language; other aspects are phonetics, morphology, syntax, and pragmatics.
Physical fitness
Physical fitness
It encompasses a state of well-being that allows a person to perform daily activities with vigor. It reduces the risk of health problems relating to lack of exercise.
Planets of the solar system
Planets of the solar system
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Here is a way to help you remember the order of the planets:
My very elegant mother just served us nine pizzas.
Plate tectonics
Plate tectonics
Theory that the earth’s surface consist of about 20 plates that move, causing earthquakes, mountain formations, and spreading of areas.
Point of Symmetry
Point of Symmetry
A figure has a point of symmetry if there exists on the figure itself so that you can rotate the figure about that point and the figure coincides with itself.
Polygon
A polygon is a closed figure made by joining line segments, where each line segment intersects exactly two others.
Popular sovereignty
Popular sovereignty
The idea that the power of government rests with the people who express their ideas through voting; popular sovereignty was used before the Civil War to allow voters in a new territory to decide whether to allow slavery.
Potential energy
Potential energy
The stored energy of an object. The store energy can be a result of a position or a height above the earth’s surface , the amount of stretching or compression of an elastic object like a spring or a rubber band.
Pragmatics
Pragmatics
Consists of rules for effective communication in different contexts. The rules that govern and describe how language is used in different contexts and environments. For example, the words and tone of voice will be more formal when talking with the principal and may be very casual and include slang when talking with other children.
Predictable Books
Predictable Books
Books that allow the reader to predict text meaning from pictures and frequency of work patterns used in the text.
Present value
Present value
The principle in an investment paying compound interest can be called the present value.
Primary colors
Primary Colors
The three basic colors from which all other colors are made:
Red
Yellow
Blue
Prime number
Prime number
A prime number is a natural number grater than one that is divisible by only two numbers: itslf two factors.
Prior knowledge
Prior knowledge
Consists of information and experiences a learner has and uses to relate to new information. Prior knowledge enhances comprehension.
Probability
Probability
The chance that an event will occur (probabilities will be a value between 0 and 1)
Proportion
Proportion
A principle of design, proportion refers to the comparative, proper, or harmonious relationship of one part to another or to the whole with respect to size, quantity, or degree; ration.
Psychomotor Domain
Psychomotor Domain
This is characterized by progressive levels of behaviors from observation to mastery of a physical skill.
Perception (attends to skill)
Set (Physical, mental, and emotional readiness to try the skill)
Guided response (attempts skill with coaching)
Mechanism (attains proficiency through practice)
Complex overt response (skill mastery)
Adaptation (canbuild an new skills from learned skill)
Origination ( can reate new skills that originate from the skill mastered)
Pythagorean Theorem
Pythagorean Theorem
a² + b² = c²
The a and b represent the legs of a right triangle and c represents the hypotenuse. The theorem states that in a right triangle, the sum of the squares of the lengths of the legs is equal to the square of the length of the hypotenuse.
Rational Numbers
Rational Numbers
Are numbers of the form a/b, where a and b are integers and with b nonzero. For example, -3/4, ½, 21/5 are rational numbers. A rational number has a decimal number form that either terminates or involves a pattern that repeats itself. Those that are not rational are irrational.
¼ = .025 terminates (rational)
1/3 = .03333.33 repeated (rational)
8/11 = 0.727272… 72 repeated (rational)
Pi = 3.14159265 no repeating pattern (irrational)
Rationalizing the denominator
Rationalizing the denominator
Expressions should not be left with a radical in the denominator. Rationalizing the denominator is a process of simplifying the radical expression and eliminating the radical in the denominator.
Given the radical 2 Multiply √3 to simplify the 2√3
Expression √3 by √3 fraction to 3
Reading Comprehension
Reading Comprehension
It refers to the reconstruction of the meaning of a written text.
Real numbers
Real numbers
The set of points that corresponds to the numbers on the number line including all rational and irrational numbers forms the set of real numbers. The real numbers include the disjoint sets of rational and irrational numbers.
Realism
Realism
The representation of the objects according to how they appear in nature without idealization.
Reciprocal Function
Reciprocal Function
The function f(x) = 1/x is a reciprocal fuction of x.
Regular Polygon
Regular Polygon
A polygon that has all sides and angles equal.
Representation
Representation
The way mathematical information is presented (written, symbolic or graphical).
Representative government
Representative government
Government where people elect others to speak and act on their behalf.
Republic
Republic
A political order in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who are entitle to vote for officers and representatives responsible to them; also refers to a nation that has a political order (as in the US).
Rhombus
Rhombus
In a rhombus, both pairs of opposite sides in this quadrilateral are parallel. Also, the four sides are equal in length.
Rhyming
Rhyming
Refers to repetition if sounds at the ends of words.
Example of a word that rhymes with another: “Awake” is rhyme for “lake”.
Right Triangle
Right Triangle
A right triangle has one right angle (90⁰)
Sample Space
Sample Space
The set of all possible outcomes of a given experiment in provability is called a sample space.
Savanna
Savanna
Savannas (or savannahs) are characterized by year-round high temperatures, highly seasonal rainfall, and mostly tropical grasslands with scattered trees.
Scalar
Scalar
A scalar is a real number used with the multiplication operation in working with matrices.
Example: in the following example, 3 is athe scalar 3 [2 3 5]. The product is [6 9 15]
Scale
Scale
A series of notes or tones arranged in steps to make a key
Scalene Triangle
Scalene Triangle
A scalene triangle does not have any sides of equal length.
Scientific Method
Scientific Method
The scientific method is a widely recognized seires of steps that a scientist undertakes to answer a question and aquire knowledge about nature.
Sections of the earth
Sections of the earth
Inner core
Outer core
Mantle
Crust
Segmentation
Segmentation
Is the division of wods into sounds, as when a teacher asks a child to identify the first sounds in “cat” and the child says “c” or makes a /c/ sound.
Semantics
Semantics
Acquiring the literal or inferential meaning of text-sources.
Shape
Shape
An object represented in two dimensions, that of height and width.
Sight Words
Sight Words
Words used v ery often that students can pronounce instantly on sight without unsing other decoding strategies (examples are: the them, mom, when, etc.).
Simple interest
Simple interest
The simple interest formula is I = Prt. Interest is paid only on the principal and in not paid on previous earned interest.
Six Flags over Texas
Six Flags over Texas
Refers to the fact that the flags of six governments have flown over Texas. These are:
Spain (1519-1685; 1690-1821)
France (1685-1690)
Mexico (1821-1836)
Republic of Texas 1836-1845
The Confederate States of America (1861-1865)
United States of America (1845-1861; 1865-present)
Solar energy
Solar energy
The energy that occurs as a result of the sun
Soprano
Soprano
The highest pitchd vocal range in singing
Sound energy
Sound energy
The energy that occurs as a result of sound
Standard of living
Standard of living
A level of material comfort as measured by the goods, services, and luxuries available to an individual, group of nation.
Steppe
Steppe
steppes are characterized by temperate environments, seasonal variation in precipitation, vegetation dominated by grasslands, and relatively little diversity in plant and animal life.
Stress
Stress
It motivates physical or psychological stimulus that can produce mental tension or physiological reactions that may lead to illness.
Story Map
Story Map
A graphic representation of the various elements presented in narrative text-sources.
Structure analysis
Structure analysis
It consists of the identification of morphemes, the smallest units of meaning in a word.
Subsistence agriculture
Subsistence agriculture
Agriculture carried out for survival with few or no crops left available for sale.
Suffrage
Suffrage
The right to vote and the exercise of that right.
Supplementary angles
Supplementary angles
Two angles whose measures add to a total of 180 degrees.
Sustained Silent Reading (SSR)
Sustained Silent Reading (SSR)
A type of independent silent reading.
Symmetric Figure
Symmetric Figure
A figure that can be folded flat along a line so that the two halves match perfectly is a symmetric figure; such a line is called a line of symmetry.
Syntax
Syntax
Refers to the structure of a phrase or sentence. Taken together, syntax and morphology (set of rules for combining sounds into meaningful units) constitute the grammar of a language.
Synthetic Division
Synthetic Division
Synthetic division is a short cut method used in dividing a polynomial by a binomial of the form k. It can also be used to find x – k. It can also be used to find f(k).
System of equations
System of equations
A system of equations is the set of equations that are considered at the same time. If there are two unknown variables, a system of two equations is the required to find both of these values. If there are three unknown variables, a system of three equations is required to find these three values and etc.
Taiga
Taiga
Taigas are characterized by cold winters with considerable snow, less diversity in plant and animal life that other forested areas, and primarily coniferous trees.
Tariff/Duty
Tariff/Duty
A schedule of fees imposed by a government on imported or exported foods.
In the U.S., export tariffs are unconstitutional.
Terms
Terms
Values separated with plus or minus signs in an expression.
Textless Books
Textless Books
Also known as wordless books, consist of sequence of pictures but no print. Asking young children to “read” a textless book out loud allows them to practice vocabulary and to apply their emerging appreciation of narrative.
The Texas Declaration of Independence
The Texas Declaration of Independence
The Texas Declaration of Independence was created overnight at the Convention of 1836 and signed on March 2, 1836. The urgency of its creation stemmed from the fact that while it was being prepared, the Alamo was under siege by the Mexican army of Santa Anna.
Thematic Units
Thematic Units
Instructionally generated learning activities that center on an umbrella topic of interest ( pumpkins, bats, apples, butterflies, etc.) with a variety of content areas brought to relate to that topic.
Thermal energy
Thermal energy
Also known as heat, is the energy that occurs as a result in temperature difference.
Three types of rocks
Three types of rocks
Ingenious, sedimentary, and metamorphic.
Tissues
Tissues
Groups of similar cells that perform specific functions.
Top-down/Bottom-up model
Top-down/Bottom-up model
Top-down model suggests that the learner predicts meaning of a word and then identifies a word; the bottom-up model suggests that the learner firs identifies a word then considers the meaning of the word.
TPRI
Texas Primary Reading Inventory (TPRI) is used for assessing skills such as phonemic awareness, listening comprehension, and reading, among children ranging from kindergarten through second grade.
Traits of mammals
Traits of mammals
Mammary glands, lungs, hair, high metabolic rate/high body temperature.
Transformation
Transformation
A term that apples to moving geopmetric figures ai such a way that they keep their congruency; three types of transformations are: slide, flip and rotate.
Transpiration
Transpiration
Plants go through a process of evaporation through their stomata in their leaves of excess water.
Trapezoid
Trapezoid
A trapezoid is a quadrilateral that has two parallel sides.
Tropical Dry Forest
Tropical dry forests are characterized by year-round high temperatures, a dry season, and more deciduous stress than found in tropical rainforests.
Tropical Rainforests
Tropical Rainforests
Rainforests are characterized by year round high temperatures, relatively great precipitation, and highly diverse plan and animal life.
Tundra
Tundra is characterized by low winters, severe winds, limited sun, permanently frozen ground, poor soils, and relatively little diversity in plant and animal life.
Types of tissue
Types of tissues are Muscle, nerve, epithelial, connective, and blood.
Unalienable rights
Unalienable rights
The Rights that cannot be taken away or surrendered.
Union of Sets
Union of Sets
The set contains all the elements that are members of a set A or set B. This includes the members that are in the intersection of these two sets. Union is symbolized be A Ẻ B. The word “or” is associated with union.
Universal Set
The universal set (U) contains all the elements appearing in any set used in the given problem. Used in labeling with the Venn diagram, the rectangle is the universal set.
Value
Value
The degree of light and dark in an artwork
Venn Diagrams
Venn Diagrams
A technique where set relationships are put in pictorial form.
Vertical Asymptote
A vertical asymptote is a vertical line that graph approaches but never touches or crosses. In a rational function, find the value for x in the denominator that will make the function undefined. The vertical asymptote will be x = that value.
Example:
F (x) = 1
X – 3 The vertical asymptote is x = 3
Vertices
Vertices
The point where two line segments meet is a vertex. The plural form of vertex is vertices.
Example: The vertices of a triangle are where the line segments meet to form the three corners.
Veto Power
Veto
Power of the Persident to reject a bill passed by congress.
Visible spectrum
Visible spectrum
Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet.
Water Cycle
Water cycle
Cooling causes precipitation (rain, sleet, snow, hail) to fall
Water collects in lakes, streams, rivers, oceans, etc.
Evaporation due to heat.
Water forms
Water forms
Features that make up the earth’s surface such as oceans, rivers, lakes, tides and so on.
Whole Language
Whole Language
An instructional philosophy of teaching and learning that teachers use to incorporate a more natural approach to assist students in gaining literacy skills ( students learn through experiences, integration of various contents, etc.).
Whole numbers
Whole numbers
The numbers zero is added to the set fo Natural ( or counting) numbers to from the whole numbers.
(0,1,2,3,4,5, …)
Word Walls
Word walls are lists of words that students are currently learning, posted in places that the entire class can see. Usually 10 x 4.
Work
The work done by an agent exerting a constant force along the direction of the displacement and causing a displacement; equals force x (times) distance the object moves.
Acute triangle
Acute triangle
An acute triangle has three acute angles (less than 90⁰)
Alliteration
Alliteration
The repetition of the same sounds or of the same kinds of sounds at the beginning of words or in stressed syllables as in “round the rugged rock the ragged rascal ran.”
Alphabetic recognition
Alphabetic recognition
The ability to recognize printed letters based on their distinct shapes.
Associative property of addition
Associative property of addition
(a + b) + c = a + (b + c)
Notice in this one the terms will always be in the same order.
Associative property of multiplication
Associative property of multiplication
(a x b) x c = a x (b x c)
Notice in this one the terms will always be in the same order. Distributive property of multiplication over addition.
Auditory discrimination
Auditory discrimination
The ability to differentiate and recognize sounds. A child can respond appropriately to a request for a “bat” as a opposed to a “ball,” because the child can hear the difference in the final phoneme of each word.
Balanced approach to Reading
Balanced approach to Reading
The instructional usage of different strategies to teach reading, such as phonemic awareness, basal readers, and language experience.
Basal Reade
Basal Reader
A collection of literary stories and poems that match the instructional level of students (often the book series adopted by the school for reading)
Blending
Blending
Is the combination of individual sounds, as when the teacher asks what /c/, /a/, /t/ spell and a student replies “cat”
Body Management Skills
Body Management Skills
To obtain efficient movement, one must obtain such skills as coordination, balance, flexibility, agility, and so forth.
