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Abnormal Psychology > Eating Disorders > Flashcards

Eating Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

key features of anorexia

A

a person will not maintain at least a low normal weight despite medical and psychological consequences

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2
Q

gender rate of anorexia and bulimia

A

75-90% are female

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3
Q

anorexia, restricting type

A

low weight is achieved and maintained through severe under-eating or excessive exercise (classic/most common)

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4
Q

anorexia, binge and purge type

A

low weight is achieved by binge eating followed by a purge

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5
Q

medical effects of anorexia

A
  • muscle wasting, specifically the heart muscle
  • low heart rate
  • low blood pressure
  • abdominal bloating/discomfort
  • slowed metabolism
  • loss of bone density
  • dry and yellowed skin
  • loss of hair
  • lanugo hair developed on body
  • brittle nails
  • imbalance of electrolytes
  • dehydration
  • restlessness
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6
Q

muscle wasting

A

the body breaking down its own muscle in order to obtain needed calories

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7
Q

psychological and social effects of anorexia

A
  • sensitive to light, cold, and sound
  • less sleep
  • loss of sex drive
  • worsened mood
  • obsessions and ruminations on food
  • extremely distorted thoughts about weight and body
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8
Q

distinguishing feature between bulimia and anorexia

A

people with bulimia do not have significantly low body weights

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9
Q

relationship between anorexia and bulimia

A

half of people with anorexia later develop bulimia

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10
Q

medical effects of bulimia

A
  • swollen glands in the jaw
  • eroded tooth enamel
  • heart and muscle problems
  • loss of intestinal functioning
  • dehydration
  • loss of electrolytes
  • fatigue
  • irregular periods
  • abdominal bloating/discomfort
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11
Q

binge eating disorder

A

characterized by binge eating without any subsequent purging

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12
Q

medical effects of binge eating disorder

A
  • obesity
  • diabetes
  • heart disease
  • high blood pressure
  • high cholesterol
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13
Q

gender rates for binge eating disorder

A

women are diagnosed twice as much as men

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14
Q

other eating disorder: partial case

A

patients have symptoms that meet only some of the criteria, but not enough to meet all criteria for a diagnosis

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15
Q

other eating disorder: subthreshold case

A

patients have symptoms that fit all the necessary criteria, but at lower levels than required for a diagnosis

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16
Q

biological factors

A
  • low activity in frontal lobes
  • low activity in amygdala
  • loss of gray and white matter in the brain
  • abnormal serotonin functioning
  • genetics
17
Q

psychological factors

A
  • positive and negative reinforcements

- cognitive distortions

18
Q

social factors

A
  • family modeling
  • friends and peers
  • media messages
  • societal values
19
Q

symptoms of binge eating disorder

A
  • recurrent binges
  • at least 3 of the following: rapid eating, eating until uncomfortable, eating when not hungry, eating alone due to embarrassment, or feeling disgusted/guilty after eating
  • marked distress
  • occurs at least once a week for 3 months or more
  • NO purging
20
Q

symptoms of anorexia

A
  • low body weight due to restricted food intake (BMI under 17)
  • intense fear of gaining weight
  • distorted sense of body shape
  • lasts 3 months or more
21
Q

symptoms of bulimia

A
  • recurrent binges
  • compensatory behaviors
  • normal body weight
  • occurs at least once a week for 3 months or more
  • self-concept is focused on body shape and weight
22
Q

binge eating

A

eating an excessive amount of food within 2 hours and feeling out of control

23
Q

purging vs non-purging compensatory behaviors

A

purging: vomiting, laxatives, etc.

non-purging: excessive exercise, fasting

24
Q

treatment for bulimia

A
  • CBT: psychoeducation and changing beliefs and perceptions about self
  • SSRIs can help in the short-term
25
Q

treatment for anorexia

A
  • weight gain through medical plans
  • restructuring and challenging thought processes
  • family interaction improvements
26
Q

treatment for binge eating disorder

A
  • self-help methods

- CBT or family therapy

27
Q

maudsley approach

A

family treatment style that focuses on supporting parents of a child with anorexia

Abnormal Psychology (8 decks)

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