Eating Disorders Flashcards
1
Q
What is the SCOFF questionairre?
A
Eating disorder likely, if 2 or more:
- do you make yourself Sick because you are uncomfortablly full?
- do you worry you have lost Control over how much you eat?
- have you recently lost more than One stone in a three month period?
- do you believe yourself to be too Fat when others say you are too thin?
- would you say that Food dominates you life?
2
Q
What is the criteria for F50.0 anorexia nervosa?
A
- restriction of intake to reduce weight
- compulsive compensatory behaviours when food cannot be avoided- self-induced vomiting, laxative abuse, excessive exercise, abuse of appetite suppressants/diuretics
- 15% below ideal body weight/ BMI ≤ 17.5
- fear of weight gain
- absence of menstual cycle/amenorrhoea (> 3 cycles)
3
Q
What are the features of anorexia nervosa?
A
- cold intolerance, blue hands + feet
- constipation, bloating
- delayed puberty
- primary/secondary amenorrhoea
- dry skin
- hypotension, fainting
- lanugo hair, scalp hair loss
- early satiety
- weakness, fatigue
- short stature
- osteopenia, osteoporosis
4
Q
What is the criteria for F50.2 bulimia nervosa?
A
- episodes of binge eating with a sense of loss of control
- binge eating follwed by compensatory behaviour of the purging type or non-purging type (excessive exercise, fasting, strict diet)
- episodes ≥ 2x per week, for 3 months
- dissatisfaction with body shape or weight
5
Q
What are the features of bulimia nervosa?
A
- mouth sores, dental caries
- pharyngeal trauma, oesophageal rupture
- heartburn, chest pain
- impulsivity
- muscle cramps
- weakness
- bloody diarrhoea
- irregular periods
- hypotension, fainting
- swollen parotid glands
6
Q
What are the features of binge eating disorders?
A
- similar to bulimia nervosa
- absence of purging behaviours
- ongoing/repetitive cycles
- unusually fast eating, usually alone
- unusually large amounts consumed
- uncomfortably full, “buzzed” after eating
- embarrassment, shame, guilt, depression
7
Q
What are methods of avoiding calorie intake?
A
- diets (e.g. vegetarian, vegan)
- not touching foods, grease
- developing dislikes, pickiness, “allergies”
- think all symptoms as allergies/indigestion
- eating very slowly, only eating at certain times
- avoiding social occasions
- spoiling/messing of food, bizzare combinations
- refusing to eat more than the person who eats least, must finish last, other rules
- medications abuse, appetite suppressants
8
Q
What are methods of getting rid of calories?
A
- self-induced vomiting
- chewing + spitting out
- overexercise
- overactivity (e.g. housework, fidgiting)
- cooling- inadequate dress, open windows
- blood letting
- medication abuse
9
Q
What are other eating disorder related behaviours?
A
- ‘body-checking’- weighing, mirror
- displaying emaciation to ellicit reassuringly shocked attention
- pro-ana websites
- competing with self/other for lowering targets
- gossip magazine/websites for ‘thinspiration’
- self harm if ‘rules’ are broken
10
Q
What are the psychological consequences of eating disorders?
A
- extreme overevaluation of weight/shape, willing to sacrifice other important things for the cause
- obsessive weight loss feels like a solution not problem
- cognitive- dec. central coherence + narrowed focus of interest
- unable to interpret emotion (from malnutrition)
- depression, anxiety, obsessionality
11
Q
What are the social consequences of eating disorders?
A
- withdraw from friendships
- loss of interest in sexual relationships
12
Q
What are the physical consequences of eating disorders?
A
Starvation:
- poor repair + resistance
- heart damage
- dec. immunity
- anaemia
- bone loss
- fertility problems
Purging:
- neurochemical damage
- seizures
- heart damage
13
Q
What are predisposing causes of anorexia?
A
- genetic predisposition
- perinatal factors
- life events + traumas
- perpetuating consequences of starvation + avoidance
14
Q
What are precipitating causes of anorexia?
A
- puberty
- dieting/non-deliberate weight loss
- inc. exercise
- stressful life events
15
Q
What are perpetuating causes of anorexia?
A
Consequences of ‘starvation sydrome’;
- delayed gastric emptying
- narrowing focus
- obsessionality
- high expressed emotion in family + carers
