Eating Disorders Flashcards
1
Q
Eating disorders
A
- Epidemic in Western world
- Prevalence has increased dangerously
- Standards to thinness are increasingly difficult to achieve
2
Q
EDs in the fashion industry
A
- Several cases in the fashion industry that led to death of models
- Some countries made it illegal for models to be below a certain body weight
3
Q
Changes in ideal body type over time
A
- Apply to both men and women
- Desired BMI progressively lower over time
4
Q
Prevalence of specific EDs
A
- Bulimia: 1%
- Anorexia: 1%
- Binge eating: 3%
- Other ED: 5%
5
Q
Key features of EDs
A
- Body Image Disturbance
- Impairment/Distress
6
Q
Spectrum of disorder
A
See notes
7
Q
Body image disturbance
A
- Overestimate actual body size
- Unrealistically low ideal body size
- Social comparison
- Body dissatisfaction (can be unrelated to weight)
8
Q
Binge eating
A
- Eating an unusually large amount of food (1200-4000 calories in 2 hours) - but context matters, especially with the prevalence of high calorie restaurant meals!
- Lack of control
- Typically dessert/snack foods
- Most likely at home, alone, at night, or after unstructured activity
- Often in a negative mood
9
Q
Purging behaviours
A
- Attempts to compensate for binge eating or prevent
weight gain - Can include:
1) Fasting
2) Self-induced vomiting
3) Laxative misuse
4) Diuretics (peeing it out)
5) Excessive exercise (situation dependent and interferes with other activities; inappropriate times and settings)
6) Enemas (injection of fluid into rectum to expel contents)
7) Chewing/spitting out food
10
Q
Maintaining factors of purging behaviours
A
See notes
11
Q
Anorexia nervosa
A
- Restriction of energy intake relative to requirements leading to significantly low weight
AND - Intense fear of gaining weight or behaviors to avoid weight gain
- Disturbance in perception of weight or influence of weight on self-evaluation
12
Q
Types of anorexia nervosa
A
- Restricting type: dieting, fasting, excessive exercise
- Binge/purge type: binging isn’t super often though
13
Q
Bulimia nervosa
A
- Binges with lack of control
- Behaviors to prevent weight gain
- Purging
- Fasting
- Occurs at least once a week (for a few months)
- Self-evaluation unduly influenced by body shape and
weight
14
Q
Differences between anorexia and bulimia
A
- Major difference between anorexia and bulimia is that bulimics aren’t significantly underweight
- More accurate in determining their current weight
15
Q
Calories consumed during binge vs. calories retained after purge
A
- Women were retaining AT LEAST half of their calories if not more
- Purging isn’t an effective way of eliminating calories
- Ceiling of eliminating about 2000 calories and not any more
16
Q
Binge eating disorder
A
Binges without purging, fasting
