Eating Disorders

Question 1

what is pica?

Answer 1

Eating non nutritive substances due to vitamin deficiency or compulsion

Question 2

what is rumination disorder?

Answer 2

Regurgitate and swallow again

not reflux disorder

Question 3

what is Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder?

Answer 3

Sensory issue that makes all food repulsive

Question 4

what are the different types of feeding/eating disorders?

Answer 4

pica
rumination disorder
Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder
anorexia nervosa
bulimia nervosa
binge eating
other specified/unspecified feeding eating disorder

Question 5

was anorexia or bulimia discovered first?

Answer 5

anorexia

Question 6

what is the DSM 5 criteria of anorexia nervosa?

Answer 6

Restriction of energy intake (food) that causes “significantly” low body weight.

Intense fear of gaining weight even with low weight.

Disturbance of body image, or lack of recognition of low weight

Question 7

what is considered the low body weight in anorexia?

Answer 7

less than minimally normal or expected

Question 8

what are the subtypes of anorexia nervosa?

Answer 8

1. Restricting Type

2. Binge-Eating/Purging Type

Question 9

how does anorexic primarily lose weight in restrictive type?

Answer 9

dieting, fasting, or excessive exercise

Question 10

what is the BMI severity levels of anorexia?

Answer 10

Mild: BMI > 17
Moderate: 16-16.99
Severe: BMI 15-15.99
Extreme: BMI < 15

Question 11

what is the DSM 5 criteria of bulimia?

Answer 11

1. Recurrent episodes of binge eating
2. Recurrent compensatory mechanisms
3. Binge eating and compensatory behaviors
4. Self-evaluation due to body shape and weight
5. Not exclusively during anorexia nervosa.

Question 12

what is the different between amorexia and bulimia?

Answer 12

Anorexia: over control
Bulimia: loss of control & no weight criteria

Question 13

what are some recurrent compensatory mechanisms for bulimia?

Answer 13

self-induced vomiting
laxative use
Fasting
excessive exercise

Question 14

what is atypical anorexia nervosa?

Answer 14

all criteria for AN except for the lack of significant weight loss.

Question 15

what is atypical bulimia nervosa?

Answer 15

BN criteria is met except less frequent than once a week or less than 3 months.

Question 16

what is binge eating disorder?

Answer 16

less than once a week or less than 3 months

Question 17

what is purging disorder?

Answer 17

Purging without the binge eating

Question 18

what is night eating disorder?

Answer 18

recurrent eating after awakening from sleep

Question 19

what is the epidemiology of eating disorders?

Answer 19

far more common in industrialized countries

occur in all ethnic and socioeconomic groups in the US, highest in Caucasians, lowest in African American

Higher SES increases risk

Question 20

does anorexia or bulimia have higher rates?

Answer 20

higher rate of bulimia than anorexia

Question 21

who do eating disorders affect most?

Answer 21

teens, you and adults, women most

Question 22

when does onset occur for anorexia and bulimia?

Answer 22

commonly in teen and young adult years

BN slightly later peak onset than AN

Question 23

what is a risk factor for eating disorders in males?

Answer 23

having once been overweight and more likely to have used exercise for weight control

Question 24

what are the causes of death for ED’s?

Answer 24

suicide, starvation, cardiac events, and organ failure

Question 25

what are the risk factors for death after ED?

Answer 25

BMI<60% | low serum albumin

Question 26

what is a worsening prognostic sign in ED?

Answer 26

Purging behaviors rather than restrictive behaviors

Question 27

what is the average course for anorexia?

Answer 27

half will have full recovery; up to 20% with chronic unremitting course

Question 28

what is the average course for bulimia?

Answer 28

Recovery odds worsens as time goes by

Question 29

what are positive indicators for recovery of ED?

Answer 29

``` early onset early tx higher weight at discharge good social support good premorbid psychological fx ```

Question 30

what is the psychiatric comorbidity for ED?

Answer 30

many have anxiety disorder, alcohol abuse, drug abuse

Question 31

what are comorbidity complications of ED?

Answer 31

``` Sleep issues Cardiac Problem Edema Amenorrhea Muscle tone loss Skin problems Decreased Organ Function Reproduction problems Decrease in peak bone mineral density ```

Question 32

what are predisposing factors of ED's?

Answer 32

Individual Functioning Family Functioning Social & Cultural Influence

Question 33

what are precipitating factors of ED?

Answer 33

Body Dissatisfaction Stress Failures Abuse

Question 34

what are perpetuating factors of ED?

Answer 34

Compulsions and Restrictions Physical, emotional, psych changes Positive Reinforcements Routines i.e. exercise, diet

Question 35

what are individual protective factors of ED?

Answer 35

Stress Mgt Good self-esteem Assertions skills Appropriate concern with weight and appearance

Question 36

what are family protective factors of ED?

Answer 36

Support, appropriate concern with weight and appearance

Question 37

what are social protective factors of ED?

Answer 37

Acceptance of different body images | Supportive social settings

Question 38

what are personality characteristics of anorexia?

Answer 38

``` Compulsivity & Perfectionism Desire to conform Lack of Initiative Introversion Avoids Risk, Danger, emotions Need for validation Excessive Self-control ```

Question 39

what are personality characteristics of bulimia?

Answer 39

``` Impulsivity High risk situations/thrill seeking Extroversion Inadequate self-control Inability to cope with delayed or denied self-gratification ```