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World Geography > Eastern Religion Exam Study Guide 4/13/14 > Flashcards

Eastern Religion Exam Study Guide 4/13/14 Flashcards

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0
Q

The creator, brahma, has four heads and sees all directions

A

Brahma

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1
Q

Refers to the unchanging ultimate reality which many Hindus believe exists beyond the ever changing everyday world of appearances

A

Brahman

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2
Q

Five day festival that takes place between October and November Hindus Festival of Lights

A

Diwali

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3
Q

Significance of the River Ganges

A

Most sacred river of Hindus, they bathe and pray here and dies close to it to get closer to moksha, it is the most sacred pilgrimage

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4
Q

Involves extreme self discipline and performance of complex and physical and mental exercises, help them in search for moksha

A

Use of yoga

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5
Q

Release from the cycle of rebirth and suffering

A

Moksha

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6
Q

Ancient civilization that flourished between 3500 and 1500 BCE thought to have ended about the same time the Aryan’s arrived in India

A

Indus Valley civilization

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7
Q

Where was Hinduism developed and still flourishes

A

India

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8
Q

There Hindu gods, brahma,Vishnu and shiva

A

Hindu trinity

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9
Q

The sacred sound symbol of Hindus many explanations that all lead to brahma

A

Om or Aum

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10
Q

When did Hinduism begin?

A

At least 2000 BCE

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11
Q

Hindu social classes

A

Caste system

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12
Q

Hindus sacred writings that were passes on by word of mouth, contains a wider range of subjects including tales of the world of deities

A

Vedas

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13
Q

The enlightened one, founder of Buddhism

A

Buddha

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14
Q

Leader of vajrayuna or Tibetan Buddhism

A

Dalai Lama

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15
Q

The celebration of Buddhas birthday in Theravada countries. Of his enlightenment and death too

A

Wesak

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16
Q

What is the big question for Buddhists

A

Why is there suffering?

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17
Q

The five precepts laid down by Buddha

A 
Avoid harming living things
Avoid taking things that have not been freely given
Live a decent life style 
Avoid speaking unkindly or lying 
Avoid alcohol or drugs
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18
Q

Where was Buddhism developed?

A

India 2500 years ago

19
Q

Freedom from the cycle of rebirth in Buddhism

A

Nirvana

20
Q

Buddhas main teachings, includes the 3 universal truths, four noble truths, and the eightfold path

A

Dharma

21
Q

The middle way followed by the Buddha in his own search for enlightenment, code of living as a Buddhist

A

Eightfold path

22
Q

What are the four sights?

A

Dead man, monk, sick man, old man

23
Q

Common symbol in Buddhism, has its roots in mud, mud represent humanity, and the flower represents human life

A

Lotus flower

24
Q

What are the three jewels ?

A

The Buddha, dharma, and sangha

25
Q

Repeating short prayer phrases

A

Mantras

26
Q

Name given to any community of Buddhist monks or nuns

A

Sangha

27
Q

Founder of Sikhism first guru

A

Guru Nanak

28
Q

The last living guru, decided not to select a person to succeed him as guru, created the Guru Granth Sahib

A

Gobind Singh

29
Q

Sikhs of both sexes who are more than 14 years of age can choose to take part in a ceremony based on the original initiation of the Beloved Five

A

Amrit ceremony

30
Q

Sikhism Festival of Lights for reminder of guru har Gobind who was imprisoned

A

Diwali

31
Q

Festivals which mark the anniversaries of the gurus birthday death and when they became gurus

A

Gurpurbs

32
Q

Where is the Punjab region and why was it significant?

A

In northwest India , where Sikhism was founded

33
Q

How many gods do Sikhs believe in?

A

1

34
Q

Guru Nanak and his belief in equality

A

Nana stressed the idea that everyone as equal in gods eyes

35
Q

When was Sikhism founded

A

500 years ago

36
Q

What does guru mean?

A

Teacher

37
Q

What does Sikh mean?

A

Disciples

38
Q

When and why was Pakistan created?

A

1947 India became independent from British rule and for the separation of Muslims and Hindus

39
Q

A group of loyal Sikhs who were prepared to resist oppression and defend for their fath, by sword if necessary

A

Khalsa

40
Q

How many gurus were there?

A

10

41
Q

A mixture of sugar and water “holy water” that the first beloved five were admitted by

A

Amrit

42
Q

Muslim invaders who went on to rule over all of northwest India

A

Moguls

43
Q

The holy book that Gobind Singh, the last living guru assigned as the guru to succeed him, Sikhs treat this with utmost respect

A

Guru Granth Sahib

44
Q

The Sikh flag of orange clothe with the Khanda symbol in the middle

A

Nishan Sahib

45
Q

A Sikh temple means door to the guru

A

Gurdwara

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