Earthquakes: Japan and Haiti Flashcards
What is the background info to Japan 2011 Earthquake
- Magnitude 9
- shallow focus of 30km below seabed
How many buildings collapsed due to the Japan earthquake
127,000 buildings collapsed
How were roads and the Fukushima Dam impacted by the Japan 2011 earthquake
2000 roads damaged or destroyed
Fukushima dam burst
How did the Japan 2011 earthquake impact the Fukushima power plant
Power was cut leading to nuclear meltdown as cooling systems failed
What was the total economic cost of damage by the Japan 2011 earthquake
$US 300 Billion
How do you reduce the impact of an earthquake
Cannot be predicted so must prepare well
How are locals and emergency services trained to respond to earthquakes in Japan
Emergency services were trained and ready to respond to a tectonic event
Locals are taught to drop and cover under tables for earthquakes and travel to in land and higher ground for tsunamis
What occurs on the first of September to prepare for earthquakes
All students and workers take part in national disaster prevention day
How are buildings made to prepare for earthquakes in Japan
Build to strict regulations such as deep foundations
Older buildings are retrofitted to make them more earthquake-resistant
How did warning systems provide relief for the Japan 2011 Earthquake
Advanced warning of the tsunami wave allowed people to evacuate to inland or higher ground
Pacific Tsunami Warning Center warned coastal communities in Japan and other countries around the world
How did rescue efforts help relieve the effects of the Japan 2011 Earthquake
Japanese government requested aid. Australia, China, India, New Zealand and the USA sent search and rescue teams
Red Cross, Red Crescent, private companies and NGO’s provided support
However efforts were disrupted by blocked roads, damaged communications, and poor weather
How was relief provided to those who were displaced in the Japan 2011 Earthquake
Tens of thousands of temporary prefabricated homes set up in Sendai in weeks following
How fast were facilities impacted by the earthquake restored in the Japan 2011 Earthquake
Honshu’s transport and communication services were partially restored in the weeks after the wave
10 year restoration programme announced in 2012 but most completed by 2015
What is the background information to the Haiti 2010 Earthquake
Magnitude 7 earthquake
Epicentre 25km, south west of capital Port-au-Prince
Conservative Plate Boundary of NA and Caribbean plate
What is the background information for Haiti
- Magnitude 7
- Shallow focus of around 13km
- epicentre 25km from capital Port-au-prince
How many people died or were made homeless by the Haiti 2010 earthquake
360,000 deaths
1.5 million made homeless
How were hospitals,schools and the port and airport impacted by the Haiti 2010 earthquake
All 8 hospitals collapsed/badly damaged
5000 schools damaged/destroyed
Port collapsed and airport damaged
How did damage to infrastructure impact society in the Haiti 2010 earthquake
Electricity, water, sanitation, and communications badly damaged/destroyed
- so cholera spread through camps
- factories closed and tourism stopped
- looting and crime increased as police and government -collapsed
How did Haiti’s economic position help it prepare for the earthquake
One of the poorest countries in the Caribbean
In 2010 the GDP per capita was $1172
How did Haiti’s buildings help it prepare for an earthquake
Buildings were not earthquake resistant
How did emergency services prepare for Earthquakes in Haiti
Were not trained how to respond to an earthquake
How were local people prepared for the 2010 earthquake in Haiti
Local people had not lived through an earthquake so didn’t know how to react
How did international aid help Haiti’s response
Food, water, and medical supplies provided by USA and Dominican Republic
UN and US troops provided security to maintain law
How did economic aid help Haiti’s response
The US pledged $4.5 billion and the UK disaster emergency committee raised £100 million
However, by 2013 less than half of the US$ 4.5 billion reached Haiti
How was Haiti impacted long term
the response wasn’t sufficient
as by 2015 500,000 were still homeless
The Chlora epidemic infected 6% of all Haitians
economic damage suffered from haiti quake
7 billion
