Earth & Water: Water Flashcards
What are the 3 states of water?
Solid, Liquid, Gas
There is 4 stages.
Describe the water cycle.
- Water evaporates into the air
The sun heats up water on land, in rivers, lakes and seas and turns it into water vapour. The water vapour rises into the air.
- Water vapour condenses into clouds
Water vapour in the air cools down and changes back into tiny drops of liquid water, forming clouds.
- Water falls as precipitation
The clouds get heavy and water falls back to the ground in the form of rain or snow.
- Water returns to the sea
Rain water runs over the land and collects in lakes or rivers, which take it back to the sea. The cycle starts all over again.
What is a solute?
The substance that is dissolved.
What is a solvent?
The substance in which the solute dissolves.
What is a solution?
A mixture of a solute and solvent.
Think back to the Digestive system.
What do we mean by the term insoluble?
Incapable of being dissolved.
what do we mean by the term saturated?
a point of maximum concentration, in which no more solute may be dissolved in a solvent.
Name atleast 2 materials which can dissolve in water.
Salt, Sugar, Coffee, Jelly, Wax.
Name atleast 2 materials which Can’t dissolve in water.
Oil, Sand, Wood, Metal, Plastic.
Think about the structure of the substance
Explain why different substances have different solubility?
Different substances are made from different atoms, ions, or molecules, which interact with water in different ways.
How does temperature affect the solubility of a substance?
The solubility increases with higher temperature.
Describe atleast 3 ways of speeding up the dissolving of a substance?
Stirring the solute into the solvent, increase the temperature, cutting down the partice size.
What is the difference between a pure substance and a mixture?
Pure substances cannot be broken down into anything else, a mixture can.
Name 3 methods of seperating a mixture into it’s components.
Filtering (put filter funnel in a Conical flask and put filter paper over filter funnel.)
Evaporating (Mix salt in water in a beaker until dissolved, boil the mixture over beaker until all water evaporated.)
Distillation (the liquid can be heated to force components, which have different boiling points, into the gas phase.)
