Earth & Water: Earth Flashcards
What are the layers of the earth (starting from the outside?)
Crust, Mantle, Outer core, Inner core.
What do Sedimentary Rocks look like?
They contain rounded grains in layers.
What do Igneous rocks look like?
Igneous rocks are very dense and hard, they may also have a glassy appearance.
What do metamorphic rocks look like?
They are crystalline and often have a “squashed” texture.
How are igneous rocks formed?
As hot, molten rock rises to the surface, it undergoes changes in temperature and pressure that cause it to cool, solidify, and crystallize.
What is the effect of weather, climate and the movement of water/strong winds on rocks?
Rocks on the surface of the Earth can be worn away by these conditions into interesting shapes.
How is an earthquake produced?
Earthquakes happen when tectonic plates move at their boundary with another tectonic plate. The force can be felt on the surface as tremors (involuntary movements), often with devastating effects.
How are volcanoes formed?
Volcanoes form where molten rock (magma) from the mantle pushes upwards through weaknesses in the Earth’s surface. Magma that reaches the surface is known as lava.
What happens when you evaporate salt water?
When you evaporate salt water, the water evaporates and there is only salt left.
