Earth science Earth

Question 1

Biosphere

Answer 1

The region where all life exists

Made up of all ecosystems on Earth

Question 2

The atmosphere

Answer 2

made up of three parts
Troposphere (lowest atmosphere)
Stratosphere (Upper atmosphere)
Ozone layer

coolant agents in refrigerators and air conditioners , propellant’s in aerosols, industrial solvents. (chlorflourcarbouns)

in stratosphere broken down chlorine atoms, destroy ozone molecules which leads to depletion of ozone layer, increasing the ampount of UV causing damage to living organisms

Question 3

Lithosphere

Answer 3

Earths rocks crust and soil

overstocking soil erosion, salinity, pesticide, unstable landfill.

overgrazing and deforestation lead to desertification

Question 4

hydrosphere

Answer 4

all water on earth

affected by toxic an industrial waste making their way into rivers.

toxins can move along the food chains which can magnify the concentration

Question 5

climate and weather

Answer 5

weather is the short term day to day events in the atmosphere

climate is the long term pattern of weather events

Question 6

nitrogen cycle inputs and outputs

Answer 6

inputs: atmospheric fixation, atmospheric nitrogen to nitrogen fixing bacteria, nitroen in plant and animal tissue to ammonia
outputs: nitrate available to plants, denitrifying bacteria

Question 7

carbon cycle, inputs and outputs

Answer 7

inputs: photosynthesis,
outputs: respiration of plants and animals, commbustion

Question 8

Causes of the greenhouse effect

Answer 8

methane: traps more than 20x the heat of Co2, from rice patties, animals and rubbish tips

nitrous oxide: is capable of trapping 300x more heat the Co2… industrial processes, burning of forests and fertilizes

Question 9

factors that drive deep ocean currents

Answer 9

wind
temp
variations in salinity
rotation of the earth
gravitational pull of sun and moon

Question 10

how deep ocean currents regulate earth temp

Answer 10

they pass heat around which move animals and ttansfers heat onto land causing changes in land temp.

Question 11

two effects of climate change

Answer 11

melting ice caps which not only causes flooding but but as sea ice is melted is allows the water under Neath to be heated by sunlight making it hard for animals to survive.

rising sea levels dissipate coastal environments