Biology (?????? topic one) Flashcards
interphase, main event
DNA replicates
prophase, main event
DNA condenses to Chromosome and make the x shape
Mitosis. main event
mircotubile spindle is formed and chromosomes line up and attach t spindle
Anaphase. main event
Chromosomes are pulled apart and move to either end of cell
Telophashe. main event
cell splits in half creating two identical cells
DNA
Deoxyribonuclei acid is the molecule that determines the function and structure of all life of on Earth
what is DNA composed of. (MAIN PARTS)
double helix foundation
sugar phostphate backbone
nitrogenous base pairing code for proteins
(adenine-thymine)
(Guamine-cytosine)
composed of nucleotieds
what is neucelotide composed of.
phosphate (circle)
base (square)
what is the 2 purposes of complementary base pairing
Easily repair DNA
Easily replicate DNA
directionality of DNA
5’ to 3’
3’ to 5’
forms of DNA
Chromatin:
- stringy less dense form of DNA
- wrapped around proteins
Chromosomes
- super dense DNA
- only during mitosis
DNA Helicase and polymerase and ligase functions
DNA helicase - splits carbon bonds DNA polymerase - Reads the DNA and bonds DNA Ligase - repairs the DNA
Asexual reproduction
and
sexual reproduction
asexual reproduction- is the reproduction when you dont need and partner, it makes a clone of itself
sexual reproduction- the reproduction with two people, male and female, combination of genes.
meiosis vs mitosis
cell division occuring in sex organs that make sex cells (gametes) 4 identical haploid cells
division in any other cell (2 haploid cells
inheritance and alleles
alleles are either dominant or recessive
can either be
homozygous (RR/rr)
heterozygous (Rr)
