Earth Science

Question 1

Mineral

Answer 1

A naturally occurring inorganic substance

Question 2

Lithosphere

Answer 2

The crust of the Earth

Question 3

Magma

Answer 3

Hot fluid which is found within the crust of the earth

Question 4

Sediments

Answer 4

matter that is transported with erosion

Question 5

Lava

Answer 5

hot molten that spurts out of volcanoes

Question 6

Abrasive

Answer 6

A substance or material able to polish a surface by rubbing against it

Question 7

Batholiths

Answer 7

A very large igneous intrusion extending to through the Earth’s crust

Question 8

Intrusive

Answer 8

An igneous rock which solidify’s under the Earth’s crust

Question 9

Extrusive

Answer 9

An igneous rock which solidify’s when it spurts out of a volcano when it is airborne or when it has made contact with the ground

Question 10

Igneous

Answer 10

A rock which is solidified from Lava or magma

Question 11

Lustre

Answer 11

How reflective a light is on a mineral

Question 12

Moh’s scale

Answer 12

Moh’s scale is the Hardness of a mineral

Question 13

Streak

Answer 13

The colour of a mineral

Question 14

Sedimentary rock

Answer 14

Sedimentary rocks are rocks which were formed over time and due to erosion went around as particles.

Question 15

Sandstone

Answer 15

Sandstone is formed from sand

Question 16

Shale

Answer 16

Shale is formed from mud

Question 17

Conglomerate

Answer 17

Conglomerate is formed from a combinations of rocks

Question 18

Mudstone

Answer 18

Mudstone is formed from mud

Question 19

Siltstone

Answer 19

Siltstone is formed from silt

Question 20

Floodplains

Answer 20

Sediments which were deposited beside rivers after a river bank had broke.

Question 21

Moraines

Answer 21

Moraines are deposits of Glaciers

Question 22

Glaciers

Answer 22

Large bodies of ice

Question 23

Erosion

Answer 23

Erosion is the movement of sediments

Question 24

Sedimentary rocks

Answer 24

Sedimentary rocks are rocks which were sediments of

rocks which broke down.

Question 25

Mineral ores

Answer 25

rocks which have mineral embedded in them.

Question 26

Mining

Answer 26

extracting natural rocks and minerals from the Earth

Question 27

Environmental

Answer 27

the study of effect on the environment

Question 28

Rehabilitated

Answer 28

restore

Question 29

Impact statement

Answer 29

study of effects on the environment

Question 30

overburden

Answer 30

Waste rock

Question 31

open cut-mining

Answer 31

mining which involves removing the top soil of dirt and soil to find minerals

Question 32

underground mining

Answer 32

Mining underground using shafts

Question 33

Stone Age

Answer 33

the time beginning about two million years ago during which early humans made implements of stone

Question 34

alloy

Answer 34

a mixture of a metal with a non-metal or another metal

Question 35

flint

Answer 35

a fine-grained sedimentary rock which leaves a very sharp edge when broken

Question 36

percussion flaking

Answer 36

a process in which tool stones such as flint or obsidian were struck with harder stones, such as quartzite, to shear large flakes that could be used to make small tools

Question 37

palaeontologists

Answer 37

a scientist who studies fossils

Question 38

relative age

Answer 38

the age of a rock compared with the age of another rock

Question 39

carnivores

Answer 39

animal that eats other animals

Question 40

scavengers

Answer 40

animals that eat dead plant and animal material

Question 41

mould

Answer 41

cavity in a rock that shows the shape of the hard parts of an organism; types of fungi found growing on the surface of foods

Question 42

trace fossils

Answer 42

fossils that provide evidence, such as footprints, that an organism was present when the rock was formed

Question 43

extinct

Answer 43

describes volcanoes that are no longer active. Extinct volcanoes have not erupted for thousands of years and show no sign of future eruption.