Earth Science

Question 1

Evaporation

Answer 1

the process of changing liquid to water vapor

Question 2

Condensation

Answer 2

the process of water vapor turning into liquid water

Question 3

Precipitation

Answer 3

any form of water that falls to earth

Question 4

Weathering

Answer 4

the breaking up of earth materials into smaller pieces

Question 5

What causes weathering?

Answer 5

a) Water, when it flows in rivers and streams and oceans it carries rock, soil, and sand.
b) Ice, when water falls in cracks and freezes becoming ice and it forces the sides of the rock break apart.
c) Temperature changes, makes rock surface to grow when hot and become smaller when cold. When temperature changes so many times it makes the rock surface weak and break.
d) Living things, like plants grow in cracks in a rock. the plants get bigger making the roots bigger and causing the rock to split.

Question 6

How do weathered materials move?

Answer 6

Through a process called erosion. Water, ice, gravity and wind work together to move weathered rocks.

a) Moving water erodes martial from land. a fast moving stream can carry eroded materials a long way.
b) Ice, large glaciers can carry rocks,, and when they melt, they can break.
c) Gravity, it pulls materials downward.

Question 7

Erosion

Answer 7

the carrying of weathered pieces of rock by water, ice, wind, and gravity

Question 8

Deposition

Answer 8

the laying down of pieces of rock after being eroded. waves can carry rocks from one shoreline and exposit them on another place on the beach.

Question 9

Natural Resources

Answer 9

things found in nature that are useful to people

Question 10

What are the types of natural resources?

Answer 10

Renewable and nonrenewable.

Renewable natural resources can be replaced like energy from the sun, water, oxygen, plants, and animals.

Nonrenewable natural resources are supplies found in limited amounts and are used faster than they can be replaced like fossil fuels (oil, coal natural gas)

Question 11

Fossil Fuels

Answer 11

things (coal, natural gas, oil) that were made from organisms that lived long ago.

They are fuels because they are burnt to create useful energy

Question 12

Earthquake

Answer 12

sudden movement that causes earth’s crust to shake

Question 13

Volcano

Answer 13

a weak spot in earth’s crust where magma is forced upward and reaches the surface

Question 14

How can resources last longer?

Answer 14

By conservation and recycling.

Question 15

Conservation

Answer 15

using only the resources you need in the best way possible

Question 16

Recycling

Answer 16

saving, collecting, and reusing materials again instead of turning them into waste

Question 17

Weather

Answer 17

is a day-to-day change in temperature, wind, precipitation, and other conditions in the atmosphere

Question 18

Climate

Answer 18

is the usual year after year weather

Question 19

What effects weather condition?

Answer 19

Temperature, air pressure, and water effect weather conditions

Question 20

What does a thermometer measure?

Answer 20

It measures air temperature, but there are other tools to tell about the weather today and predict future weather.

Question 21

What does a barometer measure?

Answer 21

a barometer measures air pressure

Question 22

What happens when the air pressure is low and high?

Answer 22

When air pressure is low, the weather is often damp and cloudy.

When air pressure is high, the weather is usually clear and dry.

The high pressure of the air pushes the water vapor into the atmosphere. This is why it is clear and bright on a high pressure day.

Question 23

Are wind speed and direction measured?

Answer 23

yes, wind speed and direction are measured by special tools.

Question 24

What is humidity? Is it measured?

Answer 24

Humidity is water vapor in the air and it effects weather. yes, humidity is measured.

Question 25

How does Earth’s crust surface wear away?

Answer 25

Earth’s crust wears away in a process called weathering.

Question 26

How can Earth’s surface change rapidly?

Answer 26

Volcanos and earthquackes cause large, rapid changes to earthe’s surface.

Volcanic eruptions can prodice rock and ash. Ash can cover huge areas killing trees and wildlife. Clouds of gases and ash can cover sunlight, whch affect animal and plant life.

Earthquakes can be very powerful and damage buildings, roads, and bridges. Water earthquakes cause tsunamis.