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blabla > Earth sci lesson 1 > Flashcards

Earth sci lesson 1 Flashcards

1
Q

compromises all the space time, all matter and energy in it

A

Universe

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2
Q

universe contains _______ of galaxies of which our milky way galaxy is one

A

300-400 billion

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3
Q

gas-dust and billions of stars and their solar systems, all held together by gravity

A

Galaxy

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4
Q

Galaxy is composed of

A

4.6 % Baryonic Matter, 24% Cold Dark Matter, 71.4 % Dark energy

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5
Q

matter that has gravity but does not emit light

A

cold dark matter

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6
Q

force that opposed gravity

A

dark energy

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7
Q

a large spiral galaxy which is about 100,000 light years wide and 10,000 light years thick at nucleus

A

milky way

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8
Q

unit of astronomical distance equivalent to the distance that light travels in one year

A

Light Year

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9
Q

1 light year in km

A

9.4607 x 10^12 km (nearly 6 trillion miles)

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10
Q

oldest known planet in the milky way

A

methuselah or genesis planet

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11
Q

age of methuselah

A

12.7 billion yrs old

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12
Q

age of universe

A

13.77 billion yrs old

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13
Q

age of milky way

A

13.51 billion yrs old

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14
Q

age of solar system

A

4.57 billion yrs old

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15
Q

age of earth

A

4.54 billion yrs old

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16
Q

when celestial body appears to move across the sky each day

A

apparent daily motion

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17
Q

believed in Geocentric Model/Theory

A

Plato, Aristotle, Ptolemy

18
Q

stationary earth lies in the center and all other celestial objects orbit around it

A

Geocentric Theory/Model

19
Q

believed in Heliocentric Model/Theory

A

Copernicus, Galileo

20
Q

sun lies in center and other celestial objects including Earth orbit it

A

Heliocentric Theory/Model

21
Q

accrdg to the geocentric model of Stagira, a fixed spherical Earth resides at the center of the universe, surrounded by concentric celestial spheres of planets and stars

A

The Aristotelian Universe

22
Q

published heliocentric theory

A

Nicolaus Copernicus

23
Q

ideas are velocity-distance and red shift

A

Edwin Hubble

24
Q

_______ relationship for galaxies expansion

A

velocity-distance

25
Q

called doppler shift toward the red end of the spectrum, occurs because the light waves are stretched which shows that Earth and the source are moving away from each other

A

Red shift

26
Q

states that the galaxies are retreating from Milky Way at a speed that is proportional to their distance

A

Hubble’s Law

27
Q

everything that is now in the universe existed as a single, hot, chaotic mass smaller than an atom 13.77 billion years ago

A

big bang theory

28
Q

this mass exploded and began to expand rapidly cooling as it grew All the matter and energy in the universe, and even space and time, resulted from this expansion

A

Big bang Theory

29
Q

hypothesis that includes solar nebula

A

nebular hypothesis

30
Q

an enormous rotating cloud from which the solar system evolved

A

solar nebula

31
Q

about ______ years ago, the nebula began to contract

A

5 billion

32
Q

composed mostly of _____ and ______

A

hydrogen and helium

33
Q

assumed a flat, disk shape with _____ at the center

A

protosun (pre-sun)

34
Q

begin to form from metallic and rocky clumps

A

Inner planets

35
Q

began forming from fragments with a high percentage of ices

A

Large outer planets

36
Q

5 minor members of Solar System

A

Asteroids, Comets. Meteoroid, meteor, meteorite

37
Q

icy body that releases gases as it orbits the Sun

A

Comet

38
Q

most famous short-period comet

A

Halley’s comet

39
Q

orbital period of Halley’s comet

A

76 years

40
Q

rocky or metallic fragment of an asteroid, comet or planet

A

meteoroid (in space)

41
Q

streak of light (shooting stars) seen when a meteoroid heats up in the atmosphere

A

meteor (in atmosphere)

42
Q

meteor fragment that reaches the ground

A

meteorite (on earth)

blabla (8 decks)

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