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1st Quarterly > Earth-Sci > Flashcards

Earth-Sci Flashcards

1
Q

A collection of planets, moons, asteroids and other celestial objects that orbits around the sun.

A

Solar System

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2
Q

It is the source of all light and the largest object in the solar system, contains 99.86% of mass.

A

Sun

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3
Q

A large bunch of stars clustered together in space.

A

Galaxy

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4
Q

Our home galaxy is called?

A

Milky Way Galaxy

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5
Q

The nearest neighboring galaxy is called?

A

Andromeda Galaxy

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6
Q

Types of Galaxies (3):

A

Spiral, Elliptical, Irregular

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7
Q

It orbits the sun and has enough gravity to create a round shape and clear away other objects of same size.

A

Planet

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8
Q

: Smallest planet, nearest to the Sun, “Hermes/Travel”

A

Mercury

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9
Q

: Rots. = 59 hours
: Revs. = 88 E-days

A

Mercury

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10
Q

: Hottest planet, has thick atmosphere, Earth’s twin, “Aphrodite/Beauty”

A

Venus

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11
Q

: Rots. = 243 E-days
: Revs. = 225 E-days

A

Venus

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12
Q

: Angled 23.4° that causes seasons, German word for ground, only place in known universe to hold life

A

Earth

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13
Q

: Rots. = 23.9 hours
: Revs. = 365.25 days

A

Earth

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14
Q

: Galileo 1610, Red due to Fe, “Ares/War”

A

Mars

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15
Q

: Rots. = 24 hours & 40 mins
: Revs. = 687 E-days

A

Mars

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16
Q

: Largest planet, gas giant, its moons may sustain life, “Zeus, King of Planets”
: What is its four moons called?

A

Jupiter

Io, Europa, Ganymede, Callisto

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17
Q

: Rots. = 10 hours
: Revs. = 12 E-years

A

Jupiter

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18
Q

: Big ball made of H and He, has seasons and rings, “Cronus/Agriculture”

A

Saturn

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19
Q

: Rots. = 10.7 E-days
: Revs. = 29.4 E-years

A

Saturn

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20
Q

: William Herschel 1871, weirdest and the coldest, blue-green due to methane, 1 of 2 ice giants, “Sky”

A

Uranus

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21
Q

: Rots. = 17 hours
: Revs. = 84 E-years

A

Uranus

22
Q

: Windiest and farthest, blue due to methane, “Poseidon/Sea”

A

Neptune

23
Q

: Rots. = 16 hours
: Revs. = 165 E-years

A

Neptune

24
Q

Orbits between Mars and Jupiter, in a grouping meaning star-like piles of rock

A

Asteroid Belt

25
Q

Doughnut-shaped region of icy objects beyond the orbit of Neptune, home to Pluto and most known dwarf planets

A

Kuiper Belt

26
Q

Home of comets, shell of icy bodies

A

Oort Clouds

27
Q

Has strong gravitational attraction that not even light can escape

A

Black Hole

28
Q

It is a property of space, possesses its own energy causing the universe to expand, proposed by Albert Einstein

A

Dark Matter

29
Q

A mostly accepted theory about the origin of the solar system around 4.5 billion years ago, the solar system was formed due to a rotating cloud of gas.

A

Nebular Theory

30
Q

Who proposed Nebular theory?

A

Immanuel Kant, &
Pierre-Simon Laplace

31
Q

A theory that states the planets are formed from accretion of small bodies, based around Nebular theory.

A

Planetesimal Theory

32
Q

Who proposed Planetesimal theory?

A

Proposed by:
- Viktor S. Safronov
Developed by:
- Thomas Chrowder Chamberlin
- Forest Ray Moulton

33
Q

A theory that proposes the formation of the solar system is cause by ____ force; bodies are together colliding; backed by old meteorites.

A

Tidal Theory

34
Q

Who proposed Tidal theory?

A

James Jeans, &
Sir Harold Jeffreys

35
Q

Earth Systems are divided into? (4)

A

Geosphere, Atmosphere, Biosphere, & Hydrosphere

36
Q

The earths solid portion; and its parts along with borders.

A

Geosphere:
Crust -> Mohorovicic Discontinuity -> Mantle -> Guttenberg Discontinuity -> Outer Core -> Lehman Discontinuity -> Inner Core

37
Q

Mohorovicic Discontinuity, who, where & and when?

A

Andrija Mohorovicic,
Croatia-1909

38
Q

Guttenberg Discontinuity, who, where & and when?

A

Beno/Weichert Guttenberg,
German-1912

39
Q

Lehman Discontinuity, who, where & and when?

A

Inge Lehman, Danish-1959

40
Q

Mantle is what % of Earth’s Surface?

A

84%

41
Q

Solid Inside, Liquid Outside; made of Fe & Ni.

A

Core

42
Q

Water Cycle is made of three parts.

A

Evaporation, Condensation, & Precipitation

43
Q

It is mostly made out of N.

A

Atmosphere

44
Q

Parts of atmosphere from inwards to outwards.

A

Troposphere -> Tropopause -> Stratosphere -> Stratopause -> Mesosphere -> Mesopause ->
Thermosphere -> Thermosphere -> Exosphere

45
Q

The densest layer, has high turbulence and weather variation.

A

Troposphere

46
Q

Contains the ozone layer, has steady winds.

A

Stratosphere

47
Q

The coldest layer, has a minimum of -90°C temperature.

A

Mesophere

48
Q

The hottest layer that contains Aurora Australis & Borealis, its temperature can reach 1000°C.

A

Thermosphere

49
Q

Tackles about respiration, photosynthesis, food web/chain.

A

Biosphere

50
Q

Food Web/Chain participants:

A

Decomposers, Omnivores, Carnivores, & Herbivores.

1st Quarterly (6 decks)

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