Earth and Beyond (Assignment 3)

Question 1

Complete the missing words:

Rocks in which valuable minerals are concentrated are called …………..

This is removed from the crust by ……………………….

Answer 1

• ORE
• MINING

Question 2

What is an ore?

Answer 2

Rock with valuable minerals

Question 3

How is TITANIUM mined?

Answer 3

Found in sea sand

Question 4

How is GOLD AND PLATINUM mined?

Answer 4

Digging deep shafts with tunnels

Question 5

How is COAL AND IRON mined?

Answer 5

Open cast mining

Question 6

Which minerals can be used in their natural form?

Answer 6

sand
salt
sulphur
potash

Question 7

What is the HARDEST mineral?

Answer 7

diamonds

Question 8

Name the world’s DEEPEST GOLD mine

Answer 8

Tau Tona

Question 9

How deep is the Tau Tona gold mine and how many kilometers is it in total?

Answer 9

Deep - 3.9 km underground

800km of underground tunnels

Question 10

Where in South Africa is the deepest gold mine?

Answer 10

Carletonville

Question 11

Name 4 impacts of mining on the environment

Answer 11

1) Mine dumps
2) Water pollution
3) Damage to places
4) Loss of environment

Question 12

Explain how MINE DUMPS impact the environment

Answer 12

• Land could be used for HOUSING or agriculture
• Chemicals in dumps prevent PLANT GROWTH,
  can be harmful to ANIMALS and HUMANS
• Dumps can be made environment friendly, but very
  expensive!

Question 13

Explain how WATER POLLUTION impact the environment

Answer 13

ACID mine water lands in RIVERS

Question 14

Explain how DAMAGE TO PLACES due to mining impact the environment

Answer 14

• Discourage TOURISM
• Corrosion of BUILDINGS and monuments
• LAND becomes unstable

Question 15

Explain how LOSS OF ENVIRONMENT due to mining impact the environment

Answer 15

• Open-cast mining damages large areas for
  FARMING &
• Growth of indigenous PLANTS and ANIMALS